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                                                                                                                       /-
          VOLUME XXIII                                    0'     1 January 15, .1947-- ~&&c'%$ids, Micht                                                    ,`~ NUtiBER 8
                                                                                                           ^ We nil, apostles, their converts; the whole Church,
                               ED.1  Ta,Tl                                         N                      "" b'elieqers of every age !                      '
                                                                                                                  Have received- out of Him : He alone: ii the fulne&
                 a        -                                                                               from Whom all receive, and are sa&fied!
                                -Riches Of  Grace  ;.-. .  +  :Even grace',for &race : a .neveT -ending strkam !
                                                                                           .I-                    Wonde'rful   testimsny-!
                       ,, And,  of  5is  f&aizeb   -htiti!e  ?& we  ?-eceived,
                       a n d   g r a c e   -for.graee; .                            ;       :,     :                                   -               -
                                      . . .                     .  `. _  JoF;n  1:-1&.
              Marvellous  confessidn  !                                                                           Grace' for grace!
              For, let us not o&look the' fact that in the words                                                  Grace : that is  .the. gloriods ,.-beauty, the blessed
          from. JohnYs  gospel-narrative ti.e hay& a gersonal,~conY  ._ Pleasantness, the sweet attractiveness, of .`Godls eterrial
                                                                                                          and- infinite goodni%s.
                                                                                                                             -              FOG- God is :tbe impiication  of
 -  fession  &ncerning  t h e   Christ:.  -  -.:-.,  .,  -. .
              Out `of .His, fulnessl have, sill -ye receiv$ !                                1'           all infin-ite perf &tiofis. And as the or& Good, IZe is
                                                                                                          supremely fair and beautiful&d  pleasalit.   IHe is such
           .  .'This is not a me& do&i&ii: statement by a Theo-                                           in Hiinself, apart Yflorn siliy selatibn  to. the creature, for
          -lo&a61  It % not' &en a me& `objective test&on-y  -as                                          all- God's perf&tions-are  et&al, and He is- the I AM,
          `to `the fulness and -glory of the Son' of God. l&t it is also `in IH,is grac& .And as' the infiriitely goid God, He a
          an:exprer;sion of experience, .of the experience of faith is beaut.iful; `and 8s .the'.Triune,  Be eternally beholds
          with -respe'ct. to the `Christ as the ever flowing, ever                                        the$beauty  of Ifis pesfe&ail& and is attracted to Hi&
          -abundant, ever satisfying fountain of grace.                                                   self.                   '
             -J&n had born witness -of Him. t3e spoke -of Him                                                     Su@h.is God's &ace absolutely, frternally, in God.
    as-the One ihat, indeedi came after'him,  but `was lpre-
          f.e&ed  before.him, and was-befose-Him He-confessed                                                     Grace: thic is the at&de of sovereign favor the
                                            .             ._  ,_.  L,  _,  ..!  -  - _       I
          that he was not the Christ, and pointed away from                                               eternal God is pleased .to Gsstime %ith r+t?on to the
          Himself,. to the-lamb  of God -that taketh-away -th? sin -people of His &hoice,-in His .eternal  counsel of election.
          of the wo&l,,.  bearing-record of .Rim that He-is the-Son For eternally He h&&em with Him, and before'lHim,-
          ,-,f  (-&de  -.  _  _.. ,  :  -.  -                                       ,'             ..,    not' as they a?& in history, jn .their  sin and corruption,              `_
                                                                                    .                     but as I$e soveieignly conceived of theti in His good
              And-this te&mc&~f  Jol&.WaB  amply corrobor&d                                               @,asasure,  and  ,that,  too, in Christ,  t.he  firstbo,rn of
          :b-y.-' the .experiense  of those -tl@t had _ sdught. Him. alld -every creature;-  and.-th,e firstbegotten of. the dead. As
          *found Him) tha$ @ad- been *irhpl&t.@d ^ into -IHim::by 2 such Hg'beholds  no `sin in <acob, no iniquity in Isiaei.
          diving-bond-of  fa+th.  For-to-as:many:as i-eceived  ZQE,                                       v\Jdthing- but beauty and perfection -and glory !He .be-
          which, were born, -got -of :blood, -nor ?$f %he "will-6f ,tli& hiids .in them. Fo? -whom He, hath foreknown, them
          rflesh, rror of the v(ill of man, but@ God; to- thtini IH,e He calso did predestiaate  to be conformed .to the .image
          ga+e power -to -beco~~e`$~e+ons .of Gdd. Arid-h&i@                                               .:                                                                            ~,
                                                                                                          of His 2%~; &d tbem.He~a~so talled, and justified, and.
          @ritual contact and ,fellowahip  with. Him, they learnt glorified. IHe. &gy:avecl them in both the palms of His
          -to-know .Him `as the.supe?abundant.Fou@&in-of grace : hands.  Tdey-are   cdntinually  b&fo&,Him..  AGd always
          -`%f His fulness .ha<e  `we; all &eived,   `abd grace fo?
          sg,race !" _'  ;  :  -  .'  :             _  _- .                                               .He is inclined toward them in. .eternal  lovingkindness,
                                                                   :,            _,  -'  ,.  -'
              ,Blessed.Christ'!                  `:`,`.`.-.-.              ~         "             '      a`nd regards them in favoi.                            `;     -     _
                                                                                                                 Such  Ss Gocl's, grace. eternally,  -in His counsel, to-
          _  :  .A~&&  &tiirdeGbf  s&$&l  $&&,&e,!
                                                    3'                                                    ward His pebple;                                        ,.

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       1         7    0                            YJ.' H E,    S.`r  .A  N  Q  kR`.b  .:,B E A'R  ti h                           '

             Grac& : th:F!,::)s the. yevelation  of this eternal  good as..is so frequently the case with the wonderful lan-
       pleasure b;f faypy &6d loSingkindness to the people'of guage of Holy Writ, the  geileral meaning  3s  .quite
       Ia& love, as th@`;jt"come  irito the world as sinners, guilty clear.
       and dan+qaQle, .,;yoyr.yp$  and clef iled, , chil,dypn @ ~I@$ ;               :,,  Grace  in$e$of grace.1 That meati &at `one* g.ift
       and as they walk in darkness, and increase their guilt of grace fo!~o~s upon another,, so ,&at wie `al?e `over:
       daily ; "7 t;hey &e in the midst of death, and, there Is                      whelmed by  its riches  :.:`grace  uion  grace.;' Hardly
       no way :put.,: For ,-en to,  t$Tl;n,, ybo;:.h&v!e  .,forf$itpd                have `we had t&e to receive and appreciate avid .give
       every, $qk&.of favor, &sd h?ye, +ac&,.~bemselv$s  yort$y thanks for qne blessing, when anqth'& is (bestowed
       of eternal: +mnation; God r&eals Himseli `is gra.ciou,s,                      upon us!}               .,,  ,:  i,  Iia:  ..,  ii  !  .,  +::!.:  .'
      justifying the ungodly, for&@g  their,,iniq@ties,  adopt-                              GraCe  tipon  grace !               %hat means, too, that the
       ing them unto His children, and making them worthy stneam of grace is cont$uous. It never ends. It never
       c$ eternal life. and glory.  .,                                               ceases. Nor could we ,ever live or stand and persevere.
            Such is .God's  grace, .revealed-in  time, as .ah attitude except for that constant stream of grace.
       .of unchangeable favor, to His people in their sin and                                Grace upon grace ! `0, that surely means that it is
     death.                                                                          always and ever grace, Never does one gift of grace
            Grace : that is, too, that altogether wonderful, amaz- put us in a position to .merit the next. Grace is ever
       ing, exceedingly mighty power 6f God, operating thru the last .word..
       ChrZist, in His Spirit,  wherebji  He changes the sin-                                Grace for grace !                It signifies,' finally,  `-that the
       ner from a cursing rebel into a praying child, from stream of  grace is  in,exhau&ible.                                                          Out. of His fulness
       a blaspheminglfool into .a praising saint, calling Him we all receive, receive:  constalitly  and abundantly, yet
       alit of darkness into IHis marvellous light, ins'tilling into He is ever full!
a     .his deepest heart the new life of the risen Lord, cleans-                             We all re'ceiv~d;  &nd do xetieive, and` &all receive'
       ing' and sanctifying -him- by .H.is Spirit through the to ages unending, grace for grace!
       Word of God, preserving him in the midst of $ world                                Amazing  mysterg,  o f   s a l v a t i o n !   ._
       of darkness and corruption, and .preparing  him fdr the                                                                             . .  _,
     inheritance   incorrtiptible  and undefiled, that" never                                                           i--w
       f adeth away.
              Such is the grace of Him that quickeneth the dead,.                            Out  o f   H.is  f u l n e s s !   _
       as a .power,  operating in the elect unto salvation.                                  He,.the  Christ, is the'fulness of our emptiness.
             By grace are ye saved ! . . ., . .                                              Full of grace and glory is He in IHimself.
             .Grace: that is, too, the,Jmplication  of all spiritual                         For He is  th,e Son of God, God of God, Light of
       riches and gifts and bl'essings;  with which the God and Light, the Word that was in the @ginning  with God,
     d Father qf our Lord Jesus Christ -filIs us .from above.                        and that was God,.the  only begotten Son, Who is in the
       For, indeed, grace is one ; but it is amazingly rich in a bosom of the Father, the image of the invisible. -God,
       diversity of blessings, of .new life, of faith, bf hope, the express.image.  of His substance, and the effulgence
       of righteousness, of the forgiveness of sins, of the adtip& of His glory. In Him is ligk;t, and life, and glory, and
     tion unto childr,en, of the love of God, of the peace that                      eternal joy.
      * passeth all understanding, of patielice,  of strength to                             The inexhaustible fulness of divine  grace is IHe.' '
       fight the battle,, of comfort and consolation, of light                       :       But He is alsp the Fountain of abundant grace for
       &nd joy, of knowledge and wisdom, of the resurrection iIS.                                                                                 ,.
       from the dead and eternal gldry. . . .                                        ; -For God ordained this Soq, from before the founda-
              Su,ch is the grace of Him, Who hath blesskd  us with tioh of the world, to be the revelation of`all the fu!ness
       all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ.                         Qf grace : "For it pleased the Father that in him should
              Grace: that is, finally, the effect and reflection of 911 the fulness dwell." ,Col. i :19. He, the eternal `Son,
       all these riches ap!$`favors  of the. God of ou;r,palvation                   b+~ ordained to be the ,firstborn  of. every creature;`&d
       in the sinner that is so favored. %or by the power of the firstborn of thk dead; in order that in all things He
       God's beautjful  grace he also becomes good. and beauti- might have, the preeminence. -He. X&S ordained tq .be
.      ful, befor'e ,God and men, and this spirittial beauty is t$e $u%$ of !$Zis ,Cburch;, all whom the .Ii'atcer  gave l&m,
       supremely `expressed ,when, in. hum,ble  adoration. he that, &I@ rnig$$ hei tbe Captain. of. their' salvation, and
       prostrdtes  hi&elf before, the $!Iost High,, and e@aimsU,:                    througli l%rn,. .Go(l might letid) all His. children to glory.
       `fd, my C&d ! Giace,  tk;&ks,  be .t? Th.ee !`t , ,:         ,,  I            He, the Son, was &dained to-be God's own Mediator for
            " Su& is"thi?' &ace ,df God perfected in us.                     ,: :    His people, the strong arm of the.Lord, that He might
              Grace for grace !                                                -.    take their sins up& His mighty shbulders, represent
             IOr, according  to  the  &gin&:   gra& instead of them in the  hour of judgment, blot out the guilt of
       grace.                                                                        their iniquities, and prepare for them garments of
             The phiase is sometihat  diffi&lt to translate, yet, righteousness; clothed in wh.icll tbejr might walk be-


                                                                  -%HE  STA..NDA&D   .BEARER:                                                                                                                171
                                                                                                              ~                  . .
fore the f&e of God, and dwell in His house foriive$.                                                      clothed.&th'&ll pow3ey in heaven and on ear&, and re-
He was ordained, too, to be the living  IHead of  IHis ceived the promise `df the Spirit; in &d&%at by that
Church, whi'ch is H<s bbdy, the fulness of Him that Spirit and through His Word  He m&t cause the
fillieth.  all&.  ill,  in,  order   that,%  !l!Z-i~~~tl&  tiondrous f+ntair$of~~His fuln$ss to flow itto our' emptiness:for
stream,:of  ,d.i:vifie grace might break through unto L&,                                                  ev&f           ./              -ct.                               , ,  ;w;.,  I,.  ...  ;,:  :            I
tind,.its, four&in -&ight $ezopened  -unt+all-the  ,Father                                                         0, blessed Lord ! Light .thatt-disp$s  `&! dark;ess,
g&e  Him.,.   i             :J/j,     il.            2     -i          ,,I:, .                             righteousne$s tlia%`overcomes  our.unrightedusne&  fir6
c  .His  :fulness,!  .,  `Ii:  f;  :i!i,`~~:~ L.!`!".                           . . _         . .          of'~`iiive  %l?ati   :tion&ie2  our  enmity-,  our  `  re$u&ectipn
   And  in the fulney'of  &race He was  revealed in the                                                    acd  life:j  `it  :  i;i:i!.  1:  is  :"`!"I                '      .,                             I  :
$Yulness  6-f  time.  i  1;.  :):  :l'i_                   :,  j:  '  '  !I  :  ,.  1'                      !I  Fiilness  `olf;.&$  `&nptia&s  1;  ,,  `.'  '
     For He, the glorious and  .etknial  Soiz of  God;be-                                                          Fobfitadn   G'f'  &&  j  :,*:  It;;,!" ,  -  :t  ;                            -
came flesh, and dwelled among us, and we beheld His
glory,  the glory as of the dnly begotten df ~the Father,
full of  grace- and  tyuth. (He came in  "the, flesh and
blood of the children, .His brethren; `He was sent in the t :`. Out of IHis fulness. . T .
likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin. He, th,e LoU;d, was                                                         We have- received, we all, `even grace fof grace !
seen .in the form of a servantj and caqe in the likeness                                                           And,`even  this, that we received of him, is' not of
of man. He ti$ted.`Gimself wi$h"&;`-in $n.everl$sting ourselves : it is all of IHim.                                                                             `.
union, and became &r .Immanuel, .&od with' is.                                                                     In Us there is ho power of `receptivity for Him. In
     The Son in the f&m of a se?v&t !                                     -      ^                         us is the darkness and.never will we turn to .the light,
G&-j  ifi  `human  fJ&&!'                                                `-              [                 unless Hi&light  first -penetrates into our night. In us
     The  `&er&i  f&e&  iti `the  form  of our  empti-                                                     is the pow& of -corruption, and never will we seek to
                                                                         ._
n e s s !                                                                                                  be clothed with the garments of righteousness He pre-
     But thus, and only thus, could the eternal  fulness pared for us, unless  He first break the shackles of
become the fountain of grace upon gr&e' f& us. For                                                         iniq&y that hold $$in bdndage. We lte .in the m.idst
in that `f&m of a s&v&,  standing  at the head of all                                                      of .death, and before we can even drink-from the foun-
His  bwn;  He could  and  d$ bear the  &iquity  c!f our tain of life and grace which .is He, the power of .His
sins. And with the load of our .transgrks&ons .upon resurrection must break th`e bonds of our death.
Him, He took `our place before the face of God, in the                                                             We received and do receive of Him. even grgce for
dark-hour `of i;r&h'and jtidgme&, tind `bbediently d,es-                                                   grace.
bend&d  into the  d$th  bf  -death!  and desolation.  '  IH,e                                                      0, it is true, there is in this r`eception  of `grace out of
completely eniptied'i-Iimself, that `He might'become our His fulness also activity -on our part, the' activity .of
fulness. Ddivn into hell `H,e w&t, freely, ob&diently,                                                     faith, whereby we become deeply conscious of our own
from love of the Father and of His own, .in order there,                                                   emptiness, of our darkness and death, bf"our sin and
in the depth of hell to sprinkle Hiszfeblood  upon God's iniquity, of the hopelessness of our state ; whereby we
altar,`and atdee for all our transgressions, and to ob-                                                    apprehend Him `in the fulness of His light, - and love,
tain from God the right to `fill us lfor ,ev& with thk ful-                                                and r.ighteousness,  and complete  redemption ; whereby
ness of His grace.                                                                                         we. long for IHim, to drink from the fountain of His
     There, qn Calvary; tile divine fulness, the Son of grace, and to taste that the'lord  is good; whereby we:
-God, in %he flesh, emptied Him&f!                                                                         know Him, seek refuge in Him, cast ourselves upon '
    -There He labored  2nd toiled, with `bloody sweat Him, and appropriate Him and all the riches of salva-
upon His brow, in tagony. of soul and. body, to break tion in Him.
through the floods of our iniquity.                                                                                B&never is this act on our part f.irst; Nor could.
  j And IHe had the victory !                                                                              it be.
   In, Joseph's garden, on the third day, the Fount&i                                                              Nor is it thus that IHis i&,"$hiereb&  He imparts of
of life and "grace broke through the daikness  of- our His fuleess to us, and our .aet whereb$-we receive of
death !' I *For God:s&ised  fHim from th,e.;d,ead, and gave His fulness; meet in cdopek"ation  to accomplish our s?l-
Him testimony  that,He  had finished the work,  that He  vation.  -aA!                                                                       '             ^.
.had blotted  ,out%h&  sins  of',all  `His'  Methreii,   &iat  I!&  (On  `the  Co&raYy, He is  fir&  always  fir$ji tie
mer$$ed  the right `to cloth&X%eti with `ga&nients.  &f&e+, impa& of :His: fdlness'to tik and keceive.$ qe gives us
nal  riglite&sness, and  to'  f.ill then? with His  tiles&                                                 the faith,  ' and  $z believe. He draws  uy, and  `.tie
                                                                                                                                                                                    _'
ings. -                                                          .-                                        come.
     Light brokk through, the darkness !                                                                           IHe dram&  us to the Fountain, and w.e drink !
     Sin in the flesh'was condemned for ever !                                                                     Grace for  grace ; always  grdce !  _ _:                                           . .
     D.e&h was swa!lowed.  up of life !.                                                                           Thanks be to God!
     And He dt?scerided Up into the highest heavens, was                                                                                 _-           :                             `.    B.          Ii
                                              . .
                                                                                                     .`                                                     a  `
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                                  :,t         ,,        ,,/             "           .,                                                                                                                                                           .,
                                                                                                                                                                                                            .,                                                                                       I  .i;.       !    ,!         11 i  i  ;
      I  :                                                    EDITOR  :
                                  / jl,  I  .:.                                                       -  Rev.   H,  rPqf$xt$l,,!`,~,
                                                                                                                                                                .I.                                      :/a  t:,.                                      At the occasion of the transfer of r@or&ip, of%he
     ,I  ,@mtribqting   Editors:   T  pey.  ,G.  ;&I$  Ophpf$,  Zeg.1   G,.-  Vqs,  P?ev.                                                                                                                                                         Theological  SchooPiqf  the  R!@fbPn%d.  ,Cliilrches' (Art.
       R. Veldman,  Rev. H. Veldman,,,Rgp.  H. D?, kplf,  Rev,.,, I$, Kok,                                                                                                                                                                        31)) Dr. .K. Schil~er:~~li~e~~d"a'~s~~ech  <on the subject :0
       Rev. J.' D. De Jong, `Rev!  ,.fi.,  I+ter,   $9~~  C.,  I$an$o, Rev.  `L.
       Vermeer,  .Rev. G.  Lublie$   Rev."n~i"Gr~ttersl'   I&v: J.  `d;. Heys,                                                                                                                                                                    "Is h& gebk"uik vafi dell t&n aigemeene genade weten-
      `Rev.  W.  I%ofman.                                                                                                                                                                                                                         schappelijk verantwoord?" `(Is the use of the  t&m
              Comtiunications  -relative to contents should be addressed to                                                                                                                                                                       common grace scientifically justified?).                                            .'
       REV. II.  HOEKSEMA,   li39 Franklin St., S. E., Grand  Rapids,                                                                                                                                                                                   From a ciipping out ol "De Rotterdammer" of Dee!.
       Michigan.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  7, which a brother sent us we are abIe to give the fol-
              Cotimunications  relative to subscription should bk, addressed
       to LIR.  GEQRIT  PIPE, 1463 Ardmore St., S. E., Grand Rapids,                                                                                                                                                                              low.ing summary of the qeech:
       Michigan.                                    All  Announcemerit.s,   and Obituaries  must_. be  sent                                                                                                                                                          `"Ter gelegenheid `van de overdracht van.
       to the above address and will not be  plziced  unless   the regular
       fee of $1.00  aocompanies  the  notice.                                                                                                                                                                                                                .het rectoraat van de Theologische  Hooge;  -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               school te Kampen, uitgaande van de Geref.
                                                        (SubscGption  price $2.50 per  ykar)-`.I                                                                                                                                                               Kerken, onderhoudtinde  art.- 13 D;K.O., heeft
       Entered as  Secopd Class Mail at Grand Rapids, Michigan.                                                                                                                                                                                                de afgetreden rector,  Prof.  dr: K.  Schilcler,
              .                                                                                          .                                                        <                                                                                            gisteravond'een  rede gehouden &er d%e vraag :
                                                                                                               .'                                          .                                                                                                   "Is het gebruik van den term algemeene ge-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               nade .w&enschappelijk  verantwoqrd?"
                                                                                                                                              `1                                            !               !I                                                       "Deze plechtigheid  had plaats in.de-nieuwe
                                                                                                               _                                                                                                       0          Jl\       Iv         ' qula van het gebouw aan d'en Broederweg.. In
                                                                                            -  CONTENTS   7                                                                                                                                                    `ien uitvoerige rede heeft Prof. Schilder deze
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               vraag in ontkennellden zin beantwoord. ,H.ij
       MEDIT4TION  :-                                                                                                                    ;:.  /                                                                                                                wees,  er op, dat h&t vraagstuk der aigemeene
       RICHES Oi? GRACE ..; . . . . . 5 ..,.................:  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;I:...:: . . . . . 169                                                                                                                     .genade of gratie &dert de synode van 1942
::                                                                                                                            I,  ,I.,
                                                                                                                        1
             ,Rev..-H.                               H.oeksema.                                                                      ._  1                                                                                                                     kerkelijk aan de orde is kebleven. e@ het npo-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               dig is te luisteren naar het eenvoucjig schrif-.
       ED;TORIALS:-                                                                 ,`:;                             ;,                               ;                                                                                                        telijk: onderwijs te dezer  zake, betwelk  ten
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               deele dogmatisch  is vastgesteld.
       DR. SCHILDER OIj `"C&M&J GRACE" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172                                                                                                                                                          "In de eerste  plaats betoogde spreker  dat
       l$XPOSITION OF ,THE HEIDELBERG CATECHISM . . . . . . . . ...175
                             I                                                                                                                                                                                                                                .het feit der continu'iteit van tijd en geschiede-'
                    R e v .   H .   Boeksema.   `.  j
                                                                        I                                                                                                                                                                                      nis na den zondeval ais zoodanig geen genqd'e
       SAh; 1                                                                                                                                        -.
                                   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  .`................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  17x                                          Gods kan worden.  genoemd Spr. toonde dit
     ( QtiES!l?IONS ON CHURCH POLITY . . . . . . . . . . . :.: . . . ..I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182                                                                                                                                         uitvoerig aan `en behandelde in dit verband  de
       THE PAPAL SCHISM . . . ..i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183                                                                                              begrippcn vloek  ep zegen.
                    Rev.  G; M.  Ophoff.-                                                                                                                                                                                                                            "Vervolgens keerde .spr. zich tegen de, op-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               vattingen door dr..H. Bavinek en dr. A. Kuij-
       KOM, 0 GOD DEli WRAKEN! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9.: . . . . . :..184
                                                                                                                                                                                             1                                                                 per te dezen aanzien  voorgedragen. Vooral
                    Rev. G. Vos.                                                                                                                                                                                                                               had hij er bezwaar tegbn, dat ten dien&e vaD:
       IN HIS  FEAiE . . . . ;i:.::  . . . . . .....:".i..:..`.i.,:  . . . . . . . . . . . :i: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ::.:.: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186.' ' ' het politieke en economisehe leven en van bet.
                    Rev. J. A. `Heys.
                                                                  ,.                                                                                                                                                                                         wetenschappelijk  onderzoek' een  stelsel  was.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               opgebouwd:         :,     ,.         ,.,  I  .,
       FROM HOLY WRIT ..;:.: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  < . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..I... . . . . . 188                                                                                                    .,,~Kl$gm~tGj qa~+le~.e~oi~eeql~n  Q&e:&&
         ."  Rev.   H.  Veldman.                                                                                    *  l .  .I)  s  :  *.`.                                                         ,  1  :I                               .:          .: hen $s, gen#e .aaqge&@d$etgeen,zij.  noemen-
                                                                              i           i          .`,,..         .* 14.                                                                         .                              .
      ~PER$!;CO~I$                                      . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190                        uitstel en tempering vaQ het .oordeel  Gods. .n&
                                                         ,                                                                                                                                                                   I                               ..f
                    R&V.   ;pT.  Hofinan.                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Adams val,  doch spr.  w'ees  daarentegen  op
                                  .                                                                                                                                                                                                                            den storm. van Gods tqprn in, het vreeselijk..
       INGEZONDEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1: . . . . . . . . ..,......... :...192                                                                                    uur van de dagvaarding van den verb,annen.
                     Mx.` J. R.  VanderWal.                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ada&
0                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    "In den lqop v&. zijn. betoog bestreed Prof.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               I


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                                         T H E   S T A N D A R 'D   B E A R E R                                       173

       Schilder niet alleen de  "I$uijperiaans?he   o$  .I  -        2. That.we are glad that the question of "common
       vatting", maar oak de uitspraak van de Sy-                 grace" is not entirely lost sight of, but also receives_
       node der  Chr.  ' Geref. Kerk te Kalamazoo                 some attention. Hitherto the subject of the covenant
            (V.S.) in 1926, die de algemeene genad'e om-          absorbed virtually all the interest in the recent contro-
       schreef als "de gunstige gezindheid Gods je-               versy in the Netherlands. We also rejoice that there
       gens alle schepselen" ; herder de "neo-Gerefor-            is development in the right direction, and that,  ai-
       meerde scholastiek" van Prof. Hepp ; en lee-               though in the above speech the problem as a whole was
       ringed van Barth, terwijl hij 0015 aandacht                not treated, ?he truth that God's grace cannot be com-
       schonk  aan -den  17en  eeuwschkn  theoloog                mon begins to receive recognition. It is interesting,
   K o e l m a n .                                                in  coneection w.ith this change for the better, to dig
              "Tenslotte poneerde spr. eenige  axioma's.  '       into th'e past, to consult the old Standard Bearers, and
              "1. `God behandelt alle schepsel naar zijn          to compare what `was written then with the present.
            aard ; 2. Indifferente genade bestaat'evenmin         In 1930 w,e expressed the hope that the time might
            als indifferente toorn ; 3. Gods genade t.a.v.        come. when,  aiso  in the old country, the theory .of
            iederen `mensch wordt b,epaald  dooin de prae-        common grace would totter on its imaginary f&md&
            destinatie, door de verkiezing zoowel &ls door        tion, because it does  not fit into the system  pf Re-
            de verwerping; 4. ,Wij moeten ons vrijmaken           formed truth. At that time,  -howeveT,  Dr. Schilder,
            van Roomsche en Remonstrantsche termino-              at that time minister in Delftshaven, could still write:
            logie ; 5. Afziende van de poging om wat God          "Maar als het waar is, dat in. Neaerland  de gem,eene
            samengevoegd heeft, "toorn en genade" onder           gratie niet meer als een algemeen erkende waarheid
            &n noemer te brengen, moeten wij ons voe-             wordt voo?gesteld,  dan geloof ik, dat tegenspraak zon-
            gen tot de  nederige   dingen."                       der meer volstaan Iran." That is: "If it be true that
      For those of our-readers that c&not read the Hol-           someone alleges that the doctrine of common grace is
  land, we bri,efiy note the following:                           no longer recognized as 8 generally accepted truth in
                                                                  the Netherlands,- I believe that a simple contradiction
      Dr. Schilder answered the question proposed in the is sufficient." Standard Bearer, Vol. VI, No. 9. Com-
  subject of his  speech negatively: In the course of his pare this statement with the present views of Dr.
  discussion  h,e remarked that the continuity of time Schilder as expressed in his. speech in the Theological
 and history cannot be called grace of God, and in this           School, and you will agree that there is a change for
  connection he treated the concepts "curse" and "bless- the better, development in the right direction. In this
  ing". He opposed the views of Dr. H. Bavinck ,and we r,ejoice.
  Dr.' A.  Kuyper,  !He also denied that  .the so-called              That same year, `Dr. Schilder wrote in De Refor-
  postponement and mollification of God's judgment could
  be called grace: ,God's fi,erce  wrath was revealed from nzatie, in reply to a question of undersigned concerriing
                                                                  his, Dr. Schilder's, conception of curse and blessing:
  the beginning in  th,e summons and expulsion from "Het blad (The Standard Bearer, H.lH.) moet niet ver-
   Paradise of Adam. He also criticized the "First Point" geten, dat ik tusschen `zegen' in het algeme,en en `zegen'
  of Kalamazoo 1924 (not 1926; they &ill have the dates           in bijzonder,en zin onderscheid.maakte,  gelijk trouwens
  wrong in the old country), particularly the statement het wezen van de kerk-ik  sprak `over d&n zegen in
' that there is "a favorable attitude (disposition) of God `d,e kerk-een and'er is, dan van h& terrein, waarop de
  toward all creatures." And he finally offered the fol- gemeene gratie werkt." That  is: "The paper (The
  lowing propositions: 1. God deals with every creature           Standard Bearer, H.H.) must not forget that I made a
   according to his nature ; 2. There is neither ilidifferent     distinction between `blessing' in general and `blessing'
   grace no& .indifferent  wrath ; 3. God's grace with re- in the particular sense, even as, in fact, the ,essence  of
   spect to every man is determined by predestination, by -the church-1 spoke, of blessing in the church-differs
 :  <election  as well as by reprobation; 4.  We must  fief from the sphere in wh.&h common grace operates.".
   ourselves from Romish  and  Arrhinian terminology.             In the same reply, he emphasizes that his own views
   5. Relinquishing the attempt to Qring under & com- are far diffjerent from those of The Standard Bearer,
  mon denominator what God has joined tc@ether,  "wrath and he-does not in any sense concur with them: "dat
   and grace", we must condescend to things of low de- ik met d,e opvattingen van genoemd orgaan in geenen
   gree.                                                          deele meega."-, `Idem, Vol. VI, No. Il.
      To th.is we add:                                                5. That otir chief objection @the"`First  Poi$' .of
      1. That we would like to have an opportunity to             jKalamazoo, 1924, is not against the statement that
 read the speech in its entirety. T.he above is after all there is a favorable  d.isposition  of God towards His
   only an excerpt composed by a reporter of "De Rotter- creatures in general. This could be ,,underStood  in -a
  dammer".         If the tipe&ch is to be ljublished we would    good sense, if taken with reference to creation organic-
  like to receive `a copy.                                        ally. It is rathe? : 1. Against the implication that in


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                                                                             ,

   174:                                 T         H                E                   ST,ANDA.RD   B.EAR.ER.  =

   `.fcreatures in general" the repkobate ape included ; and -  - Now, it is not otir intention to impose our .hospital-
   2. A:ainst  the appl.icatiqn of this error to the pr.exch.-          ity on anyone.            But _ the question naturally arises :
   ing of the gospel, conceived as a "well-meaning. offer wh:aG is Trdng ? Why do the brethren of.the Reformed
   of salvation `on the part  sf God to all."               ' ,         Churches (Art. 31') not make  use of  tlie opportunity
      4. That  we wonder in how far the Reformed. offered them? Would they rather receive  an  invita-
   Churches (Art. 31) in general digest and accept the tion from. the Christian R,eformed-  Churches, atid are
   vi'ews now propounded by Dr. `Schilder as in the above they still in hope -that they will receive one? Or are
   mentioned speech ; and also how they will ultimately they. afraid .to make use of the opportunitjr we offered
   harmonize this with the Heytisian conception of thle them, because w'e stand op@os,ed-  to their presentation
   covenant so generally adopted by them.            To me it of the covenant? The latter might, indeed,;be  the-case.
   seems that the two are diametrically opposed.                        They all know our stand,, by this time, in the Reformed
      5. Finally, that I missed, in Dr. Schil&r's  speech:              Churches in The .Netherlands..  My brochire "De Ge-
   at least in the report of "De Rotterdammer", mention loovigen en Hun  Zaad!' has been  rather generally
   of the  Pfotestant Reformed Churches, and of  \what  distr,ibuted.                       lMoreover,.  ministers 1 of the :.Reformed
   has been developed by them in respect to the theoky  of Churches (Art. 31) wr.ite me .that;it  has been and is
- common grace. ;After*all, it was not in the Nether- being discussed, and,favorably received by the "synod-
   lands but in Amer.ica  that the- -eyes were opened for icals'.`. Dr.  Berkhouwer' quoted,  f,rom it. "De  St&j-
   the error and danger of the philosophy of common dende Kerk" discusses it.  .(Will  somae one in the old
   grace, that it receiv'ed  a verjr thorough thrashing, and            country have the courtesy Lo send me a copy of those
   that the organic-antithetical conception was developed papers ?) . IOne pastor w?ote me,$ecently that my name
   over against it. For our de&al .of common graoe and ,.makes headlines in the papers of the `%ynodicals?. Is
   our attack upon the philosophy of Dr. Kuyper we were this the reason why they hesitate to make, us6 of the
   ridiculed and reviled. as heretics; also'in the Nether- opportunity to. speak in'our churches? Let me, th,en,
   lands. It will seem quite understandable that, now clearly `state outi position once niore:
   opinions begin to change in our direction, we would,                     1. We do not and never will agree with the cove-'
   at least, like /io be mentioned whenever the question .nant conception of the Reformed Churches (Art. 31).
   of common grace is broached. After all; no one has But we are not affaid of public cJiscussion1` Come  and
   ever offered a more thorough criticism of common speak, and Offer debate. You will have complete free-
   grace than what is found in "Van Zonde en Genade." dom of speech, prdvid'ed  you give opportunity for dis-
   And to date, no complete, synthetic conception of the cussion.
   matter involved in the philosophy of common grace'has                    2. We stand radically opposed- to the hierarchical
   been ,offered  outside of that which.was  developed b9 us.           church-polity of the synodica!s,  and believe that gross
   We care not mu& for personal honor when the truth                    injustice has been committed by th&m.
   is concerned ; but, on the other `hand, 6e will not be                   3. We like to`have you come here to represent your.
   ignored.                                          H.  H . ' cause. If the Christian Reformed Churches had open,ed
                                                                        their doors to you, we would not have interfered. But
                                                                        seeirig that they definit.ely closed their doors, we will
                                                                        be glad to offer you the  .ppportunity  you seek. And
                       OUR POSITION.                                    Mr. Van .Sp;onsen  can assure you of `a he&ty welcome,
      Our readers, no. doubt, remembe`r  that some  time                even though we .are at odds in .cl&maticis..
   ago, in  conne+on `with  .the proposed coming of the                     Now, will sOmeone at least <give me some kind of
Rev. D. Van  Dijk, pastor of the Reformed Church an answer?-
   (Art. 31) of Groningen, to this country, we wrote a                                                                               H.=-H.
   little Geditorial entitled "`Give Him A IH,earing".        '
      That article was read by several ministers of the
   `"Liberated Churches" in  the old country. It was trans-
   lated and published in "De Vrije  Kerk,"  on& of the                                            ' IN I M'EMOKIAM
   organs of the liberated group. .No doubt, therefore;
   they know that their representative will- be welcome                     Die  Hollandsche   mannen  Vereetiging van  Fuller  Ave. Prot.
   to speak in our churclxes, if he comes. . _                          Geref.  K&k  spreekt~  hiermede  hunne  deelnen&  uit tot' hun
      Besides; several months ago, I wrote a letter to Dr.              m&d&d, G.  IBorduin,  bij  bet  verli-es  van zijn  vadkr
   Schilder, assuring him  ,that,  wh*ether-  the Rev. Van
   Dij.k or. he-himself would come, we would take care                                            REV.  M., BORDUIN  .,
   that, they `should have opportunity to speak..                            Moge de, Heere de na iestaanden  tnq'osten  in dit verlies'.
   `: But. I never reoeived a reply, liot on, my article, nor                                :        .     .'    B. Veldkamp,  Sec.  ,_
toi  my  persona! letter,                                                                                         G.  Koster,   P&s.


                                     THE  SI.AN-QARD,  B E A R E R                                                       175

                                                                  gaih@red out of the world, and Christ  shall present
                                                                  her toithe Father, without spot or wrinkle, in-heavenly
   TE@Z. TMPLE BNgBjVLE                                           peifection.
                                                                     What then is this corn-munion?
 in Exposition Of The Heidel                                         It is that actually existing bond of fellowship .that
                      4Mecbism                                    is based on and robted in the essential, spiritual unity
                                                                  of believers in Christ, and operates through the Multi-
                      Part Two.                                   formity or individual diversity of all. the saints.
                                                                     Al! true communion requires a basie unity of thz'
                  Of Man's Redemption                             whole, but also. diversity or multifortiii;y of the mem-
           .          Lord's Day XXI                              bers of that whole.
                                                                     When a large chorus renders Hgndel's Messiah, that
                              5.      :,            I,            chorus constitutes a. communion of singers.            Thejr
                Tlii ,Communion  Of Saints.                       unity rests in the fact that they all sing the same
    To- the article concerning the- holy catholic church .oratorio;  their multiformity is found in the variety
 the Apostdicum appends the confession of the com- and diversity of many voices. Did th.ey  .a11 sing dif-
 munion of saints.                                                ferent song& there would be no bond of unity ; were  all
    Tkie two are most intimately related. The Chur& the voices identically the same, there would be no;`com-
 is the communion of saints. Yet, although they cannot million or fellowship possible.
 be separated, they can easily be distinguished. The                 Thus there is a certain natural communion of men,
 communion of saints is  the Church considered only .ev'en though this f,ellowship.  is ruptured by sin. The
 from one aspect of its nature and life, that df the fel- .5asis 01 this natural communion is that God made all
 lowship between the members, and of their mutual men of one blood: .thefe  i%fa basic Unity and affinity
 relation to  one another.                                        nmong men.. Bnd the possibility df felkjwship  in this
    In  answer to the question: "What do you under- eommlunion  1s given  v&l-,. the manifold diversity of
 stand by .the communion of saints?" the Catetihism in- individual  hciman  `beings. If men were not basically
 structs us as follows`: "First, th&' all and every one done'  there  would  bc  nothir,g that  un'ited them; if all
 who, beKeves; being members .of Christ,. are in common individual I huma~l beings were exactly alike, like so
 partakers of him, and of all  his riches and gifts  ;' many  drbps of  -&rat,er,  there could be no interaction
 secondly,. that `every one must know it to be'his duty, and fellowship between them : each individual would
`readily and cheerfully to employ his gifts, for %he ad- .co%stitnte  a whole, and be  suficieyt unto himself.
 vantage  -and salvation of  othel: members."                     Now,  hc.wever,  human society is established on the
    Two `elements must at once'be distinguished in this basis C;f ihe essential oneness of mankind, and operates
 answer. The first concerns the actually existing bond thi-ough'the  diversity of its individual members.
 0: this commu+n; the second Y'efers to the believers'               The same is true of the comniunion of saints.
 living .frorn.  the faith of that fellowship and bringing            The  saints are one in Christ. As the Catechism
 it  intq practice in` their `life in relation to. one an- `expresses it, all believers "are in common partakers
 other.                                      _".                  of him, and of his riches and gifts." There is one
     The communion of saints is ndt established by the            Christ. And  iBe is  %he Head of the whole Church.
 saints : it- is of the -Lord Jesus `Christ; It does not That one .Lord  has received the Spirit, and through
 spring into existence from the determ,ination  and act -that one Spirit He dwells in the whole Church, `His
 of the believers to realize a oertain f&llowship  ationg body, and  `in. all its members. And this indwelling
I  one another, to create a certain society for mutual            Christ. is the sole basis and fountain for the unity of
 advantage- arid* edification. #On .the contrary, the co'k- the saints. Through that indwelling Lord  there `is
 .munion of  -saifits' is first,  its  ex&ci& follows. The -`in all..believers a `communion of nature, the spiritual
 confession : "I believe the ,communion  -of sairits".qre- `tiature of the sons of God; a communion of life, the
 sents  3his  peculiar   feUowsliip  as- an  object of faith. life of their risen Lord, spiritual, heavenly like ; and a
3%  -means  ; "I believe that there `is such a conimtinion Cotimunion of lov&;the- love of God `that is Shed Abroad
 -of -.saints." That communion may Got always be matii-           in. their hleafts, and` that .reveals  itself as love to God
 fest. To the-ear.thly  eye it may -ndt always be visible.        in Christ and  to one another. Moreover, they have
 Many influences in  &is world may often `mar this the same'fhith; the sanie knowledge pf God, the same
 fellowship.  : Nevertheless, I   believ&   t h a t   the-  coti- j3ghteousness, the righteousness of God in, Christ, the
 muliion of saints is  a- `reality. It  ,exists  now,  iri the same hope, the`hope of the glory.of cod. They speak
 gathering of -believers- and thei? bhfldreti,  in this world,    funda;ment%lIy the same' language' so that they know
 .and-.  it..will exist, @nd be rfulljr arid- most glbriously and understand one another; and they unitedly strive
 revealed; : when- k&e whole Church shall' have been fol"& the same purpose : the glory. of `Gdd in Christ.


                                                                                                         I
  1 7 6                               T H E   S T A N D A R D . ,   B E A R E R

 In them is the same mind, the mind of Christ, thesame        diversity of .individual members, and because of this
 will, the will of' their Lord, and they all speak the mult'iformity  of the members .they are interdepend'ent,
 same thing: the Word of Christ, This unity of nature, they supplement one another, they are in need of on'e
 of life, of love, of faith, of hope, and purpose; is. the    another,  : and they constitute a real  communion,  of
 ground of the communion of saints. It is not of them- saints.
 selves: in Christ, through the one Spirit, this bond of          If they were all identically the same, such a com-
 unity is established.                                        munion could not exist. Suppose it were possible that
     Hence, it is a communion of saints.                      `the whole -of Christ dw,elled  individualistically in every.
     This must be emphasixed. The believer does not saint, so that each one. possessed in himself all the
 confess a "brotherhood of men". Even though he does riches of Christ, and were able to reflect `all His ful-
 not deny that their is a certain natural affinity among ness in Himself alone, then there would be no fellow-
 men, rooted in the fact that God made all mankind of ship of the saints, each' believer would be sufficient
 . one blood, he denies that this affinity, from a spiritual, unto himself. But this is not the case. The members
 ethical viewpoint, is still a real communion `or brother- of the body of Christ are diverse from one another.
 hood. Just as he denies the "universal Fatherhood `This~ diversity is caused by  m0r.e than one factor.
 of God" in the modernistic sense of that term, so he There is, first of all, the.natural  difference, difference
 repudiates the universal brotherhood of men -in the          in nationality, in race and color, in character and
 same sense. For sin entered into the world. And sin temperament, in personality and ability, in talents
 is darkness. In darkness there is no fellowship. But and gifts. It is true that this diversity is not spiritual,
 out of the world that lieth- in darkness God through but natural. Nevertheless, we may certainly. assume
 Christ gathers His Church, and in the ,Church estab- that this natural distinction is made subservient to the
 lishes a new communion, the fellowship of God in communion of Christ, so that the grace of ,Christ does
  Christ, according to which we walk in the light,            not destroy it, hut rather uses it for its manifold re-
 and have communion with one another. This  corn- flection and glory. iHow different is David from
 munion  ~of saints, therefore, is both particular, ex- Asaph, Amos from Isaiah, John from Paul, James
 clusive, and antithetical.    It does not embrace all from Peter! And also this difference is predestinated
 men.    It is incapable of, taking up into its fellow.- by God in His inscrutable wisdom, in order that
 ship mere men as such.  .And this is not due to              through it the wonderful grace  and knowledge  ,of
 any act or attitude on their part, to some exclusive ,Christ might be reflected in all its manifold glory.
constitution they establish, or to a proud "holier than       The same may be applied to all the saints. The al-
 thou" disposition; it is simply due to God's election, mighty and eternal God without doubt also predestin-
 and to the act of Christ whereby H'e gathers unto IHim-      ated the individual character, temperament, ability,
 self all whom the Father gave Him out of the world.          capacity', and personality of every one of His chosen
     This communion is, therefore, a spiritual, ethical saints, .in such a way that, in heavenly glory, when
 fellowship: It is not a communion of select friends, .- the entire multitude of the redeemed shall sing  ihe
  of men that are attracted to one another by common praises of Him that called them, each may do so' in his
 natural characteristics : it transcends all natural traits own way, with his own voice, and together they may
  of character, and, unites men of the most diversified constitute one mighty and harmonious chorus, causing
 and opposite type. Nor is this communion determined -`the new creation to rebound with its blessed halle-
 by or dependent on a certain likeness in social stand- lujah's! In the second place, there is also a diversity
 ing, or commonness in the pursuit of earthly ends: it of. spiritual gifts. Although all partake of &e, same
 draws together men of every cl&s and social standing         Christ, and all hav,e the same life and love and faith
 in the world, rich and poor, learned and uneducated, "and hope, yet there is difference in the .dispensation
 great and small, masters and servants, rulers and sub- of special gifts. Gifts of wisdom and knowledge, .of
  jects. The communion of saints is not a caste. It instruction and `exhortation; of comfort and consola-
  overcomes all differences between men, `provided they tion, are not'the same in all. And finally, there is a
  are called out of darkness, into the marvellous light of    diversity in regard to the measure of the gifts of
  God. -Only the fact that Christ is in them, and that,       Christ They may all receive talents, but to the one -is-
  by His grace, they have been called unto a new life,        given five, to another two talents, and to a third one
  unites them into a common `bond. It is the communion talent. And all these  diff,erences are not restricted
  of saints. "There is one body, and one Spirit, even as to the `saints on earth only : they are carried over into
  ye are called in `one hope of your calling ; One Lord,      eternity. Also in the new creation, the millions upon
  one faith, one baptism, One God and Father of all,          millions of saints will all have their .distinet  individuai-
Who is above all; and through all, and in  -you all." ity : Christ will give them all a new name' which no
  Eph. 4 :4-6.                                  `_            man knoweth  saving `he that' receiveth it. Rev. 2 :17.
     However, there is, in the body of Christ, an endless     In heaven, too, there will be-diversity of spiritual gifts,
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                                                TH;E  S.TA:NDBRD   B-EAR'ER`                                                       S77"

      and:.of .posil$ons-:  the-servant whoseJpound-`had' gained. members;yet but one-body. . . . -Now ye are the body
      ten pounds was given authority over ten- ci+ies;-,and  he .o$ Christ, and members-i-n-particular." 15-17.
      that.  h?d gained five pounds was given. authority ?ver                 This true muliiformity of the members in the one
      fives cities.`. ,And. shall not' the. apc&les sit on thrones        body is,,,.in `our opinion, the sole multiformity. of the
          judging the twelve tribes of Israel?      i                     Church we-have-a right to speak of in the light- of Holy          .
               -This unity of the saints in Christ, as they-partake Scripture,
          in common of Zlim, )' operating through the endless                 Since ihe time of the Reformation of the sixt;enth.
          diversity  `df the  .individual  believers;!l:constitutes   th? century, by which the outward bond of the  Rc&sh
          comniunion  of saints..  t                                     hierarchy was broken, and the Church- returned- to her
               In eternal glory; this communioli  will'l@ i-evealed in pos&ion of liberty-in Christ, the Church in the world
          all its beauty of p&e&ion:                     .:               has been and st+ is divided into many different de-
                                                                          nominations and  s&3%. This was  to. be  ,expected.  Al-
               But also in the Ch;rCh on earth; and. in each local ways there is the carnal. seed in the Church in the
          congregation, this communion exists, and'must be re- world. False- teachers must needs sneak into the
          fleeted.
          ;                                                                Church  and. inculcate their false doctrine into her
               That'this is, indeed, the liature of the communion memb,ers, seducing them to. 5 carnal life. The mani-
          Of saitits is. plainly taught in 1$3oly Writ. In Ephksians      festation.  of  this evil  may.be  suppressed  and  covered
          four, after the apostle had written-of the unity of the         up .by the power of an outward hierarchal yoke, but
     Spir.3, he  -adds :"But' unto every one of us .is given as-&on as*the, yoke is removed, and the C'hurch recog-
          grace according to the measure of the gift of Christ." nizes no other bond than- that of the Word of God,
          And...a.   rnos!,  .beautiful  descliption of  this communion.  St1 is bound- to  reveal itself. Hence, what is called
          of` the saints, ,both  fr'om the'viewpoint of its unity and      Chirch  i,n.  ihe world  is. hopelessly divided. Every..
          of its diversity, is given iI; the twelfth chapter of Ftrst      denomination. has its 0G-n. creed; every sect its own
          C&inthians: "Now there are diversities of gifts;  but particular doctrine. Those. that call t&emselves  uni
          thesame Spirit. And there are differences of adminis-; d,enominational,  ,or those. that sail under -the slogan
          trat?ons,  but the. Sam? Lord. And ,t$ere are- diversities-: "No creed but Christ," insist- upon their, oX;n `@e&liar
          of- operations, but it is t&e same- Gpd which worketh `\- doctrinal hobby perha`ps more than thoSe thit adhe?e
          all-i& all. -But'themanifestatidn  :of .the Spirit is given ? to  an.d-ccififess their cried.
          to: every Fan to profit withal. Fbr to one is given by.             Now, this division of the Church"into many differ-
          the Spirit the word' of wisdom ; t?:another the word of.` ent denominations and sects -is frequently, but' falsely,
          kno&edge  by the same Spirit; to anoth& f&i$h by the; called the multiformity- df U-5 Church. It is argued
          same Spirit ; to anoth'er the `gift of healing by the San@' that in~ali these denominations is found the holy csitho-
          Spirit ; to another the. working Of miracles ; to another        lie Church, so that  they are, essentially,  .a11 one in
          $ro'phecy ; to another discertiing  of spirits ; to,`another` Christ. It  is further argued that all these different  `.
          divers kinds `of tongues ; to another the interpretation churches with their different creeds have th.e truth as
          of tongues : But all th,ese  worketh 2 that one. and the it is in ,Christ. Only, they all knqw in part, and nolie
          selfsame S@%,"dividing  tb- every mafi s&eYallY  &s' he of them can claim to know- and proclaim the truth in
          will.. Fjor as the- body is one; and hath many members;                                                        s:
                                                                           a!1 its purity. H.ence, they are all Qriperfeet  manifest-
          and .a'11 the .members  of that one body, being many, are        ations -of the true Church. And as they all present
          cne-,bodp  : so also is Christ. For `by one Spirit are we        diffftrent aspsets  03 the one Gospel, ,and all,reflect -the
     all baptized"into  one bod:y, wh&her.we be-Jews. or Gen- abundant glory of Christ  ins their  own way, they,
          tiles; whethey we be borid or free; ,and' have all been' represent .the Church in its multiformity. They are
          made to driak:of tiiat one-Spirit. For the body i's not to ba compared to- so many spokes of one wheel: all'
          me -membeT,  `but- ;m;iny;" 4~14 ~                   _.'         these Churches are centered in the  hub, which is,
     c          Aid &ieti l%e :ap&tie  dev$qps the, f&&e :,oi `the         Christ, yet gone of them has actually reached the ten-
          ljddy `%nd'its @eibers in" detail, and app!i$ $t tb the          ter. They all poin'tVto Christ ;: they strive to reach His
          Church as the communidn of-saints : "If $h&?bot  `shall fulness ; but they .are all imperf,ect.              In the conscious-
          ,$a$, `Be@ause  `I ,&n',n& the h&d, i am not.bf' th& bqdi ; ness of this imperfection, no  particultir church  dn
          i's X'%$er&foGe  not `of the body?` Atid if thi? ear ,sh&ll      earth dare claim fo. be the pure Church in distinction
          say,  Be&use`1 am n&t the eye, `I ai hot of the body;            from others. Rather must we,asstime the position that
          is it' thefefore   not  -of  `the'zbody?  If  the.  +olte  Cody: the Church in which w'e have- our memb,ersl$ip  is, to-,
          tiel.e-  ai `e'ye; &here were `the. .he&ing 3 `If  J,he whole gether.  -with all  others, but  one imperfect- form and
          w,&e hear&&, `whe$e were `the smelling? `- But ;ov? hat&, &ariif&tai?ion of the holy catholic Church, no purer
          God `set the m&$b.ers every on& of .the& in the`<&@,             tl$nw     others.
     ai  it .hath pleased l$i& And `if.they. were, all &e+imern-`             This concepti?< of &he muliiformityUof the Church
          bkr,  w7h&  W&e'];+&:   -bOd$?  B`&  now are they many on earth is.as pernicious as it is false:
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   178.               `(                             THE -STANDARD BEARER                                        *
                                                              _~_ .           `.
           It is false, because it denies that the pure preach- he &~s mindful of the.prophecy of .Jacob, according to
ing of the Word of God is, indeed, the distinguishing which the ruler. was to come from. Judah.
   mark of the true Church. According'to this view; the                      The Lori now took action. He sent Sabl to Samu,el
truth of the Gospel is  vagv,; and. ambiguous.. Scrip- and p&bared Sarhu&l fdr Saul'$`ari?v'al, by `teliiig-diis
. ture cannot serve as a clear and definite&iterioni.t'o servant "in :his-ear. a daji before" Saul's co&tig ih&
   d&ermine where the truth% conf.essed*  and. tireached.                "tomorrow about this tiine I' Will send thee a nian otit
   Bence,  the preaching of gibe sovereigh @+%e of. God of the land `;df. B&j&ii$; &id th& shalt anoint him to
  and of absolute predes$ina.tion  together tiith the Armin-                            .;jt;!
                                                                         be'eaptairi. over my peblpik :Israel,  that he'may save my
   iap .error  of\ mar& firee:will  sonstitute Ian aaljproach  to &!o& ou't" of'.the `I&d' of tl& Philistines : for I have,
   the trnth ; both are, asp&s of a truth that lies on :a looked upon my people, because their cry is cpme unto
   higher plane; t6o.high for, us to grasp. If one Church me." In this communication the, Lord motivates His
   believes in infant baptism, and the other opposes this command. Hearing, Samuel must have been surprised
   truth, while a third must  hav.e nothing of "water an,ew. The nation. had r&je&d the Lord and had not
   baptism" at all, they are all fundamentally agreed, repented of its great sin. This rebellious' and im-
        only, they are striving to reach a height of truth that penitent people the Lord now wanted saved.. And for
        is beyond th.em. In such a view there is no. room for the attainment of this purpose, Samuel. -must `make
        discipline  kxercised upon  thoBe  that `introduce false                                       .
                                                                         them a king. IHow past fmding the Lord's ways! yet
        doctrines.          But this is quite contrary to  the whole Samuel obeyed. l%r he was a ,dutiful servant with.
   Word of God which everywhere exhorts us to stand. implicit faith in- the rightness of God's, moral govein-
   fast in the truth, and. to watch a.gainst the false pro- ment. There was no objection to. the kingship as such.
   phets and teachers; that would seduce the saints from If. only the people and king would serve the Lord, all
   the way of righteousness. False this view is, too, from would be well. This he knew.
        a historical viewpoint. For it is simply not true that
   all the existing denominations. and sects represent .so                In  telling how Saul  and  San&l were brought to-
   many forms of the Church, simultaneously striving to gether, th,e sacred narrator goes ,into some detail. But
        attain to the fulness of .ihe truth in Christ.                   first he gives Saul's far&y and. a description of Saul's
                                                                         person. He was the son of  K$h a Benjamite. His
           :Such is not their history.          '                        `genealogical line is traced backward through Kish,
                                                          $3. H.
                . ,                 ,                                    Abiel, Zeror, Bechorath  to Aphiah. But the record, is.
                                                                         nb$ complete as according to'the stdtement at I Chron.
                               >                                         a-:?? Ner and not Abiel `was the .father of Kish. `The
                                                                         to<flict is removed by the legitimate conj,ectur.e  that
                                                                         Abiel was the grandfather of Kish or a still remoter
                                                                          ancestor I      Such omissions of names as that in the
              -THE DAY OF SrnDOWS                                         record of "the book of the Kings occurs elsewhere in
                                                                         getie&gi$l tables. ,
                                                                             Kish,  the  Ifather of Saul, is  described  in the text
                                                                          as "a mighty  -power'! properly "a mighty man of
                                          `Sad . .                     - power." -The .godfearing Boaz, Jephthah, and Gideon
                                                                          are similarly described, but likewise the rich  and
  -.        Per+ivil~g that. the Lo& had indeed determined pow,erful  nobles in the days of &Ien%hem,.`king of the
        by Himself tllat a, king be set over the people, Samuel ten  tribei. Thus  ,we read. at II Kings  X5:20,  "`slnd
        .dismissed  the elders. `EGO ye ,every man unto his city" Menahem'exacted  the ,money of Israel, even of all the
        was his final word to them. IHe did not bid them to go mighty men of power `(the rendering ."mighty men of
        in peace, nor' c&d he tell them that seeing that the`Lord wealth" !is:,incorrect) , of each- man fifty shekels of
        had so co&manded,  their request would -be granted. silver, to ,give to the king Of Assyria.`? It is certain
        Evidently the' thing continued  to be. evil in his eyes, that not all these nobles feared God. *`Perhaps  many
        as, far:, as his, owri understanding of the Lord's, doing if not,most of them did hot. But th.e Scriptures .make
        vas concerned. As to the elders, they obeyed Samuel. it plain that in the early centukies  th~!~`mighty'men'bf
        Leaving #his presence, they returned to their respective power or valour" -in: Israel were ,ni& :oP virile .qualities
        places. Whether their d&ire .would be granted' they , and military. capacities,! strong and, :brave alid true..
        ,knew not.  ~San&$ had told them nothing. Conse- fearing God and ready ever to take the field in def'ense
        quently, they had nothing definite to tell the people of the violated rights of the people. --Also implied in
        at home, except that Samuel was `sorely displeased. the appelation is that they were men; if not rich, then
   -As to Samuel, where  that king was to be found,  ifi                  a$ least in easy circumstances. Such `a man was Kish,,
        what tribe and family in Israel, he knew not; unless the father  of  &.$  3~  w&s not necessarily a  truly


                                           T H E                       STAN1DAR.D   B E A R E R                                               179

.. Godfearing man, though he may have been+he,appel-                                     age and much of it; and his natural charm and loveli-
 ation in question is not the' synonym of our -word ness must have been remarkable. .David's lament on
 sai$-but  a `"mighty man of power, in good circum- Saul alone bears out the truth of these statements.
 stances, stropg and brave, :,a. def encler  of the, rights of                           That. lament, contains lines such  as: these, "Saul
his people and if not genuinely `then at least'butwardly and Jonathan :,were lovely `and sweet in their lives
 devoted to the religion of the fathers. Saul, too, as . .  ., . they;:.  wlere swifter than eagles, they were
 king; was a mighty. man $f p$yer,; $et .he :yas devoid `stronger :than dions. -Ye *daughters :of Israel weep over
of- the true fear of God.. The: Khole:i4ri$e;  to ,whi$h he Saul, who clothed you in .scarlet; .and with other, de-
: belonged was characteristically martial. .as comp,ared                                 lights,: `who put- on ornaments of:. gold upon your ap-
 tvith the other .tribes.           3:     ai       !     .,.`
                                                                .      `.    ,     :'    igarel," II Samuel 1:23, 24: Itiwas from the booty that
                                    `;!    !.I!'    (  I!  1    .I!     :,:l;it. m'      he had `taken in .his wars wilth Marbites, A'mmonites _
     Saul's birthplace cannot be ,,established with' cer- and Edomites and the kings of Zobah and of the Philis-
 tainty. the chose as his royal residence Gibeah, and tines that he had clothed the daugh~,ers  of Israel m
 here dwelt at least a part of his family, II Sam. 2:8.                                  scarlet and with other delights, .i Samuel 14:47, 48..
  His age at the time of his elevation to the throne is not Having taken the king:!om, he "fougl;ll*; against all his
  revealed. A good conjecture is that he was approxi- en.emies on every side. . .  ."
  mately forty years. For it may be supposed that th'e                                                                     He  ~-as a brave man
                                                                                         and a passionate soldier indeed. He smote also tlie
  heavy responsibilities connected with  th.e offioe of "Amelekites, and delivered Israel OK of the hands .of
  kingship prohibited the selection of a younger man. them that spoiled them." Plainly, hi:: consuming am-
  The king was the commander-in-chief of the army, bition of those first years of his reign was to make
  the people's chief executive. under Jehovah and their his people free and llappy by` delirermg them 
  supreme judge; and in distinction from the judges like                                                                                     Pror~l
                                                                                         th.e oppressions of  every- foreign  ;lominion. How his
  Samuel, his jurisdiction extended to every `corner of anger burned v&en hc received tidings of the humili-
the land. It can hardly be  .supposed that dignities ating condition on which Nahash the Ammonite want-
  that exalted -were bestowed by the Lord upon a very .ed to preserve the peace with the men of Jabesh east
  young man  ; and this  agr.ees   vvith what is revealed of the Jordan. : On this condition would Nabash make
  of the ages of his two sons. The elder, Jonatkan, `a covenant with those men, that they allow him. to
  appears as a warrior shortly after his father's suc- thrust out all their eyes, and lay it for a reproach upon
  cession ; and Ish-boseth, th,e younger, was ,forty years all Israel, I Samuel 11: l-3. How prompt Saul was
 .old when Saul died a suicide on the battle field.                                      to -come to the deliverance of his harassed brethren.
     The, two words that the sacred narrator uses to there in Gilead ! With tihat uncommon vigor h*e cru-
 `describe Saul's person are choice or excellent (IHebrew,                               saded against the wizards in Palestin,e is known from
  Bachoor) and  good  (thobh) . Not alone that he  v&as                                  the text at I Samuel 28:3. At the close of his reign
  such a man but, says the narrator, there was none of there was hardly a witch to b.e found `in all the land.
  all the childr.en-of Israel better, goodlieri  than he. The And he was careful to -observe all  ,that Moses had
  statement does not ascribe to Saul the spiritual graces                                 commanded. He' would not think of taking-the field
  with which Christ adorns His. red'eemed,  people `(Saul in battle without- first having brought the appropriate
  was devoid of the true fear of God), but has reference sacrifices. And oncehaving sworn, he seas determined
to his appearance and- to the `impression he made by to keep his vow even at -the Cost of the life. of his own
  his appearance. For the sacred writer adds that from kin. Saul was not a gross idolater. He was not the
  his shoulders upward he was taller than any of the king of Samuel's witness in the sense that he ate up
  people. But mere physical bulk is not'an asset to an the vineyards of his subjects. The spoil of the poor
  ungainly, homely and stupid-looking man but rather was not in his house. The righteous were not sold for
 .a liability as it .only serves to accentuate his ugliness. silver during his reign. ,He joined not house to house,
  Saul; therefore, being a choioe and good- man, must he layed not field to field "until there was no place,
  have had something more than a huge  ,frame that that he might, be placed alone in the earth". To the
 towered ,above the crowd. Her must have had ,gainli- contrary, he was an ardent patriot. The interests. of
  ness, stateliness of <bearing, charm, and a handsome his people lay close .to his heart. (He pushed .on every
 `fade ahat beamed with ,intelligence and. that bespoke . side his wars with. Israel's enemies. He .clothed%he
,. s&Cat men call nobility and strength of &aracter. Such daughters of Israel in scarlet. j And he .was scrupulous
 was .the man Saul- as to his appearance. And W%@en ,m the observance of all the -precepts of the-law. _ ' "
 -the Godfearing in Israel first'..r.ested their eyes upon                                   But with all his religiosity. and patriotism, with all
,him, it was  T;irith, delight and `approval as they, felt his character, loveliness. and charm there slumbered
  certain that he possessed `true essential goodness de- on the bottom of his soul, .at the time of his anointing
  spite the f&t that' there Was no genuine fear Of `God                                  the- iron determination to rule. ,,&ithout 1 God and to
 before`his eyes.; But the man~actually did have cour- `serve his `own ambitions and besides a lust `of power


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     .x-30                                     T H E   S T A N D A R D   BEAREB

      a.nd position that made it quite impossible for him'to ,The -question must' remain an open one as the data- on
      acquiesce in the rejection on account of his self-will which, to base a conclusive answer is lacking. It would
      and rebellions first of his house as a ruling dynasty thus be futile to mingle in the dispute, the more so
      and later of his- very person. Instead ..of.a>humbling
                                                            . .  a,,      because- the question is not .at -all: impart,ant)  . `.;; .  :!
     himself under the mighty ,hand  of God,~he~&rned  per-                   The servant knew everything -about Samuel.. And
      secutor of the righteous David, all in -the:@e attempt the suggestion cam"e from him. From this it has been
      to maintain him,self in ,his. position contrary to' the concluded that Saul' knew nothing about. Samuel, `!but
      reveaied~  will  of  Ggcl, , :He had not in .him,:the  !root of this would:lbe  [hard to :expXn, if, true. Distance could
      a-- ne$v, hea~enlyl,l,ife,.: ;.He.lvras  a man totally devoid of    not acco.unt .foq! ,it, Ias it I tiras ,but a day's journey from
      righti,I?rincil~le;i.;.-iHe vvas his: own God and before the the @ace 1 qf Saul's Iresiclcnce  to Ramah, where dwelt
      shrine of this god&e. was prostrated ; and therefore,.all $?ainuel. .:.Accordingly;  the servant was well informed.
      his virtues were in the sight of the Lord glittering Neither could the  -r.eason   .of  Saul% ignorance have
      sins. Yet, what the man was actually at the time of                                                        `I
                                                                          been. that, as someinterpretors  have it, Saul was still
      his elevation to the throne was not knotin to-the faith- -"a simple-minded youth, who had rarely left his pas-
      ful in. Israel, ;was known not to Samuel but to :Him toral -occupation; and knew little of the political and
      only-the Lord God-to whose eyes all things are
                                                                 i        religious elements of `the time." "Saul was not a youth
      naked and opened.                                                   `but `a married.man -with -a son old enough -to go to war.
              This was the' man then .that the ..Lord  now sent to        Others 2maintain that the -explanation of Saul's sup-
      Samuel. As was said, in relating how.the Lord-brought posed ignorance of Samuel is that through all the
      the two together, the sacred `writer goes into' some                years -of his past `life he had -been -too -indiff,erent  -to
      detail. Th,e asses of Kish had strayed from-his estate what went on in Israel to  -know about  Sameel. The
      and he instructed Saul to.seek  them with the aid of one objection to this view -of the matter is ,that though
      of the servants. The first  region'where the search Saul, it is true, was not an .essentially good man and
     tiras conducted was the hill country. of Mt. Ephraim,- therefore could not have taken a genuine interest in
      a country that .extended  from the north down into the matters' religious, he could not very well  have..re-
      territory: of Benjamin, and Gibeah; Saul's home-and                 mained ignorant of a  .man like Samuel. The. whole
      starting,place.      Not finding the asses- they ..traversed nation knew Samuel certainly.  Had. not the  ,eld.ers
      the land of Shalisha,-aland that in all likelihood took -of Israel .just insisted that ,he -set over them a king?
      its name from the circumstance-that there three valleys Thus it is `more likely .that the servant was telling what
      converged into one, or `the one divided into three.                 Saul, too, .well knew; simply -to lend .force to .his sug-
      .For. the name. is derived from the Hebrew word for gestion and that this was necessary in that Saul had
      the numeral three. As the .search.  was in vain also in little .-faith .in. Samuel and no. genuine -liking for him.
      this place, the two of them -$assed through the land                 It is not so unlikely that, being in a good-natured
     of  Skalinz  that, if the character  :of the  -distr-ict,  cor- -mood, Saul has .only letting the servant have his way
      responded to the meaning of its name, was -a .very in- the matter.
      deep valley. From shalim they went to south-west.                       It was otherwise a rathertrivial thing about which
     Passing t.hrough the l.and of -Benjamin they -came to they went to consult Samuel. It ,perhaps tells us that
      the `land ,of .Zuph, which, lay on. the south-west of the in those days it .was customary for the, people to. con-
      tribe of `Benjamin. Here Saul2 thoughts turned to sult `God?s  ,prophets about such *ordinary matters of
     *his father. For, being an excellent and good man, life. It must remain -undetermined whether Samuel
      he was a dutiful and considerate son, .as .also .his dili-          could -have. helped them by making the desired dis-
     -gent search for the lost asses .plainly demonstrates.' closure, had not the Lord willed to lead Saul to Samuel
      He was afraid that his fath.er might -have .left caring 'through -Saul%. search ofthose lost-asses. `Saul realized
      for the asses,  .and taken thought  for..them.   IOut of .that it would not do to-approach theseer empty-handed.
      tender regard for his father's feelings. he suggested. But what would they bring him? Even the br,ead-was
,     that they return. But the-ser~vant  came with.,another              spent in -their vessels. The servant h-ad the need,ed
      suggestion.. In yonder .city .xoul~ :,be found -a man of present. There .was in his -hand the fourth. part of
      God. ,,He was honorable ; all his -words came to pass a shekel of silver. That they would-, give .to the man
      ti{jtho&,,fail.,  -Let them then go ,thither .and consult of -God to tell. them -their.- way. Saul was pleased.
      the man, the servant urged. It might well repay them.- ;:j-Thy ,.word 2s good.. Come,3  let-us :go," L was -his' r'eply,
      `For perhaps, he could .&veal the. :wh,ereabouts -of `the
                                    .-                                    -and the,two  proceed,ed  to the city, iwhich stoodlton1.a
      -lost .beasts.                                                      .height. .lOutside the city -was anotheriheight  on which
         (The question whether -the city .was .Ramah,-where               the .offerings  took place. -.As  Saul?Vand -his  smervant
      Samu,el in those days  .d,welt, or  :some other city to went-up the accent of the city, they-met young maidens,
     -which-he had only come thither to the sacrificial:feast,            going out to,~draw-.water,  and .inq&red :of -them whether
      has given rise to endless-disputeLamong.-commentators.              .the.  seer ~was there. In-replying, the -maidens -,waxed


                   ,                      T     H    E               STANDA.RDBEAR'&                                                                   ,181
             .~                                           ---.-.~ --.. ~.-.-..-.~._-.L.--  .____.____  -;- .__.__  - ________ __ ..___           __
       laquacious. They .gave .a generous amount of infopma-                                      Saul plainly perceived the implications of this enig- '
        tion and even took it upon themselves to -utter .words mat@1 ~~.~~~~.e~~,-.percei~~~  that-the Lord`had selected
     .,#, ..of. advice and exhortation. The excellency .and good- him  for the kingship. For he replied, "Am I not a
. . `ness of Saul must have  had$ much to do with that. Benjam.iie, of the smallest of `the tribes of  IIsrael?
i      Kin answer to.the-question  put `by Saul and.his servant, and my `fan&y the least of ,a11 the families of the trib.e
        "Is  the, seer here," they. said,  `4He  i`s;  .behold, he is of  `Benjamin?i  Wherefore' then speakest thou so to
       before you.: make -hastell  now, for he came, today to me?"' Itlneed@.ot b,e-.ddubted  that `Samuel's words had
        the city; for' there:.&  a sacrifice iof tke people today genuinely astonished Saul! .`I-i[e was not !feig&g sur-
       in .the high -place,: .as sodn as ye be ctime:into the; city, prise. ;True,- he must have `known, t-hat the nation was
       `iye ,shall .straightway  find himi; before. he go up'to .!~he `,asking for a `king. -But' there `is' no ground in the, text
        high place to eat:: for the people will,not -eat until tie                            for the conjecture that  -he  vag&ly   ,expectkd"  to -be
      come, because. he doth bless the sacrifice ; and after- chosen for this dignity or  ,even that at the time he
        wards they eat 0that be bidden.          Now ,therefore  get consciously desired the ,hi,gh office. Assuredly, Sam-
       you up; for `about this time .ye shall find him." The ue?s communication must be held to have amazed him.
       -advice. of the maidens was,good. Saul and his servant For, as he said, he was a Benjamite, while.it must have
       must see to it that they `be in the city in time `to meet                              been a matter of `common-- knowledge in .Israel-  that,
        Samuel -there. Being strangers they `would find it according to Jacob's -prophecy -the ruler had to come
        difficult to contact `Samuel on the neighboring hill, .as from Judah. Besides, if there ,was to be a departure
        there he would be surrounded. :by the crawd  of wor- from that prophecy, why should the .Lord  choose him,
        shippers. `-They had just entered the v&e-place inside Saul, a Benjamite ? As he said, Benjamin  .was the
       the .dity ,gate, when `they .;beheld Samuel. coming from smallest of the tribes of Israel, and his family, if we
        an oipp0Sit.e .direction  on :his way to the. high- place.                            can  .give ,full credence to this part of his reply, the
     `Samuel' saw Saul too ;  .and  .the Lord said unto him, most insignificant .of all the families -of the tribe -of
        Behold the- man whom .I spake to thee of! this same Benjamin. Th.is being true, -he -wanted to know why
       shall reign over -my people." . The original text reads,                               Samuel so spake to whim. ,And the man was in earnest,
        "And the Lord `answered him, Behold the- man -1 spake -it may be believed. With .-a man of his inclinations
       thee of !" `It suggests that-when Samuel looked on-Saul -and attitudes,`-obj e&ions such' as he .was raising <would
       -and sbeheld *his excellence -and goodliness, he said .what -have real weight. For there -was no depth to the man.
        he-said when he--rested- his eyes on -Eliab, "Surely the -IIe moved in the -realm of .externalities.
        :Lord% "anointed is`before -him;" and that the Lord re-                                   Samuel *did-not reply. ,But he .had gained -his ob-
       .-plied,  "Behold the man. . , ." Saul drew near SamueI,                               jective. IIIis words had .centered Saul's mind on -him-
       .m.not -knowing who `he .was, and *besought him -toa tell self as Israel's  .king to be, and thereby he had set
       .where .the seer%~.house  .was. Then Samuel identified Saul's -thoughts to .multiplying  within him,-thoughts
       -himself. `.I. am -the seer,"-was his reply.                                    :      :known.only  toGod and to Samuel by divine revelation.
           `The Lord had selected Saul for the kingshi.p. This SauFs heart-was.thusalsoto  Samuel an open book-now.
       :Samu,el ; could `have disclosed. to Saul at once and ;in ,lHow .true -this was, Saul would learn on the morrow.
       :iprecisely%hose  .words. -But thishe did~not  do. `Instead, <-For Samuel had .said, "Tomorrow will I tell thee all
       ihe revealed.- to Saul the "fact of his election `by sug- ,&at is in .thine. heart;" In this way and .in still other
        gestive speech and action: :He -told Saul that he was sways,  `several. of them; would it -be shown Saul that
       .to.be"liis guest of honor -at .the sacrificial meal on that in Samuel he verily- dealt with .the -Lord's -ambassador,
       day ; that he would. tell Saul all that was in his heart; who. spake -God% word truly and executed -God's com-
        and Ithat- the <asses  that were lost had been 2fourid. mands, and -who now :was transacting with .him for
        Thereupon'he put to Saul the.rhetorical  question,. "And ..Go.d.  .For .$amuel  -could :know  .the thoughts of SauYs
      :on,whom is, all the desire of `,Israel? Is .it mot on :thee heart only b,ecause  God revealed them to him. PThis
       -and -on' thy father% house??                      i           .,`,                    Saul well understood. Be knew that in Samuel he had
           ,?Others  translate,- `f&d :f or ,whom ,is all sthat which -to do with: `God Himself: He .thus would .be -without
      5 -is desirable:% :-Israel ? Isit natTf.or  .thee.and !for&y `excus,e. As to Samuel, knowing the thoughts of Sau1Z.s
       :father?s`house:?1'.  .Either version `can !only'.mean that, Iheart,' he .would  be a6ie' to advise, instruct, ' cc)mmand
       if Saul -serve.d:Mie Lo%d ,-and -kept ,His covenant,. the and warn .hirn .apprqpri,ately according as'.. S&l `had
       ytrue .-Is!a.&-=all  that Iis (desireable.  `I in. :Israe17would ,need,_on  `t h e   m&r-owl                               "        !I     :-.  !.
       :honori,  -love,`.serve  and :obey him. as the vicar., of God                                       1            .;  '             G.  `Ii& 0.  `,
       ?and;i.nthis s.e,nse!b.e;his.  .For-honoring:God,-God  .would j                                                   _ . .
       honor `him-by-, subduing- the: nation, under -him. .:Either                                                       .
       `-version  `ther-efore  (must .:also meant-hat if Saul as ,kin,g
        served not -the Lord, ihe ,.would :be <forsaken -by .both                                 ?A single track mind :is .no disgrace,. provided it is
     , , God: and' His people.                                           ;.  ~                ~.on'~he.~i~ht;t~a81;.  .  :-.`

                                                                       .._             .,
                                                                                   .  .

                                                                        L        .._.1
                                                                      ,.  .;.,;j*:y;

                                                                              *._I.   .  .
                                                                              :i.;.


 182:                                                         T H E   S T A N D A R D   B E A R E R
                                _"
  Qtieiti~rls  ~~~:c~urcIh                                                         their miierial necessities by the churches. This would
                                      .-                                           .&t  weli'be possible. , ,  -
                                .,.I
                                                   ,,,.           ~Pdiea~~
                                                      .                            `ii.'  4. Periodical retirement of Elders is  desijreable
                                                                      --
---
  A. brother; reaidenf-& Chicago, sent in these'qu,es-                             fey  the.prevelltion  .of  :fif&yarchy:::  ,: :  .;  .`i.::i.:li:I:i   `I:  .:ili
 tions : "Why should n& the &!l& as well as the Minis-                              . . It is on these grounds that the Reformed fathers
 ters of the Gospel bti'e&en for the du&tidii of their bas,ed the article in  `questioh::  It. must be admitted
 lives? Is  p&iodi&l  r&i&#&it  of  `Eld~Ys%iblfchl?  I:
                                i;;.::.  .!`..'  ;                                 that these arguments do have such w.eight as to be de
    Answe$g &&e questions must be r%de to ?o&ist                                   &ive of 1 fK&"matte?; :Take  ihe` argutient `under 3.
 fir&y .+ direC~~;l,g"~~~~~~~~~~  &" the ka& th&t Art. 27 .A'$$gre&$dn  V&h f?iYteen  Glders would .have to raise
                                              _  _
 of t@$hur&i `Ok&@!  <$I ,&$drecht requires perio$cal `ahli$ly'  ,the  s&n, `of $45,000 for the salary of its
 retiretient b> &ers a~.! IJTacons.  ' The article reads i                         e,jders, should the ,salary df .each.be  set at $3,000. The
                                                                                   cost, of course is not prohibitive fdr a congregation
         "Elders .and Deacons &all serve two or`more                               that large, as to require fifteen ,elders.
         years according to th$ fbcal regulations, and a                           ,.. But there is the question  oI" its ne&sity  hntering
         prBpo*tiofiate  numb& shall retire each year.                             in.  The duty that belongs to the office of elders is
         The retiring  off&rs:sli&  be succeeded by
                                __--. ..-                                          riot to administer the Yard of .God -on the meetings
         others unless the &rcumstances  and the profit -                          for public worship b&to rule the-fiock`of:  God accord-
                                                                                   ilig to Christ's Word. Hence,. it requires l&s time to
   of the churches,  in+he:.execution  of the Art-                                 serve as elder,' less -time and preparatioti.                         Btit -the
         icles 22 and 24, re%aer--&-election  adviseable.
                                             `-
                                 ,. . . . ,. ,_                                    argument urid,er  -3 is perhaps no reply to the brother's
   #The fixation of the &&re::of  the offices of Elders -question. He wants not  full-tin%  elde?s,  but- elders
 and Deacons dates back ..to..the  beginning of the Pro- chosen for the duration of their lives, I believe. `Se
 testant Reform&ion  in:-:the.. Netherlands. It really we ., can stop arguing this point,
 came down to us from Calvin the father of Reformed
                                _..__ ._. " .3                                      . . .The ,argument under 4 has weight certainly. The
 Church Polity. The Church; Order of : this Reformer danger  does exist, even with  otie of  the elders- -the
 contains an article  t.0  .&he::   effect that Elders  and minister  : of  the. Gospel-chosen for the duration  oi
 Deacons shall retire every two years and that only the k;is life. How much greater would the danger be,  ir^
 ablest of them may be--continued, that is, re-elected, they all were chosen foY' the duration. of their lives.
 `should they so desire,  but foi not more than a year.                            ,.,. Now the qeestipp  whether pkriodical  retir$meni  of
 Thi+ was iq 1541. The &tj@le,  as to its essential re-                            el$e_rs  i s   B i b l i c a l .   j
                                                                                                                   The position of our Reformed
 quiremetit,  was adopted,  by the. Reformed "convent": of fatkeys was that the article in question:is  not in con-
 Weiel in 1568 and there?.pbq .by the fdllowing reformed flict with God's Word. The article therefore'cannot be
 synods in the Netherlands : Embdon, 1571; Dordrecht, d.eclared wrong on the ground of its militating against
 1574;  Dordrecht,  1578;  M&ljeburg, 1581. `The last j&e Word of ,God. Thus, if the article is to be declared
named synod reduced. the article ,to the` Form that it                             wrong, `forbidden, it will have to be shown that it is
 has in our adopted add&on Gf Dord's Church ,Qrder.                                detrimerital   to' the spiritual life of the church. On
 This. redaction was ,take$ `&%y:` by Jhe R,ef armed Synod
                                             ,  1  __.                             the .other  hand, if it cari be shown that the article ,is
 of  `s-Gravenhag&,  `1586 ,@,  J+ereupon by the Inter- prpfjtabie to the spiritual `life sf the church, it' shall
 national Synod of Dordreeht,`l618-`19.
                                        . . ..I                                    have t@ be pronounced a good artic1.e. As was stated,
 - It is certain  then  @at  *periodical retirement of the arguments.advanced  by our Reformed fathers do
 Elders and Deacons is hist&&dZy Reformed. It is not haye such weight, it seems ,-to us, as to be decisive.
 one of many crystallizations-of the  spirit of our modern                          -1 may add  this, It-is not right  and  fair, I believe,
 age.                                 .  a,: .,,.,"
                                                      .- _                         to retain `in' office for the duration of' their lives a
                                                                                   &finite number of brethren, if' the number' qualified
    The article in  questi%  `sests upon the following to serire is `larger than and perhaps mu&h larger `than
 grounds: 1) Holy Writ contains no precepts respect- the -&umber  actually in ser'vice.
 ing the tenhre of office of Elders and Deacbns.                                                                                      It is, not fair to tlie
                                                                         2) The    brethren in office. They are men with familiesFrth&y
 office as such is permanent to the end of -this present                           are men who work for, a Jivir&: Why should. tliey ide
 dispensation of the world. But the office bearers alter- r$de to. shouider for the duration. ~1 th&r: Jiv,es :the
 nate -for .any of several beasons.. Rome conteiids that Q.@,denF, connected with- th,e offjbe of. elder 1 with j'ti&
 offi'ce  atid office bear,er cannot be separate in that'it ,a$ gobd, m&n in the pew? .And it is not fair to' ttie
 identifies the two. But ,`the.,@eformed  are not of that
                          .             -/                                         others. Paul  $ays that he who desires  ihe office  of
 persuasion.                                 .; I.  ..                             bishop desires an excellent thing. Let the others, to&
    .3. Were the- elders -chosen-f or- the duration' of' their ijeriodically  have that good thing.
 natural. lives, they would -l&e. to be providledo  for-in
                                                       _..                                                                                    ,_ G. M. 0.
                                                                                                     4
                                                                                   ..  _
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                                                                        T H E   STANDARD  B E A R E R                                                                                                                              183

                                                                                                                   the  .ceiling..  : But  Urbap-`p'0illd not resign  ; and the
                  THROu(IJJj  THE  a&j  -?                                                                         French cardinals elected Ca@inal Robert of Geneva
                                                                                                                   as pope Clement VII, 137& TThis was a new pbenome-
   .  .  .  .,                                                                                                     npe in, the, history of thegapqcy. Not that there had
                                                            ,_`
                                                                 (a           %_           2
                                                                                                                   be,g,,po,  riygl ,popes before. : I There had been many
        :;.              :.                                                                                         such popes;  ichosen .howe.ver,  -by,- opposing parties. But
                  r/a          T     h    e         P       a      p     a            l           ,,ec$iq&.  y  -`. these  two pope6 had b~~~,!,lu~y:  e&bed by the same
 (.I:                               :                    ,.. ./-.~,I:  _`j_`ji,  :j  !I"{.   :i.            !
   is was s&ted,  in 1305 ClemelTt ,V? .b&qng q Fr&$: cardinals.                                                                               The  .grgument   @at;  IJ$an  VI had been
man, was ~&cted  pope,. an'd "dhhqse Av'igpon,: ,a, city Fur>-, e&ted under, .th,e pressti&$%"~ob  violenck had little
                                                                                                                                                                                          PI.,1      ,:
rounded on all sid,es by France,i  as  4is p&e oif:.&$: validity since  the  card&l&?@d   @ept.ed  I@  'juiis:
dence.  IHere,  as- was, stated, the popes remained !for c&&on for four  month&?$j@&t  `~,`~rpt&t.   `I%4o~e
seventy years. As this period so closely corresphnds                                                               had now two popes, each `d&ouncin&  the other. Clement
in  its duration with the span of years of Judah's ?I was not a good man.,:.I.Bjs  hands were full of blood
exile, `it `is. known in history as the Babylonian CL@:                                                             from thg massacre of `C$Fn?? and he was known as
`tivity ,df the papacy. It included, as  kas said, the given to  riototis  1iSing. After a  &in attempt to un-
$ucces+ve.  reigns of  seveli popes, all `of whom were seat Urban VI jn Rom@,..he` hetreated  to France and
Q%iic~men,.  As. was also stated, this abselice ok the took up hi's `residelice  ir?$vi'@on. The papal schism
papacy from Ronie did the .papal system much harti.                                                                 was complete.  North@@fi';&d  central Italy, most of
The `papacy threat,ened to become a French institution, Germany, Scandinavia, and. England d.eclared in favor
and its corrupt morals became, notorious throughout of the Roman pope,  Urb&LV.I.. France Spain, Scot-
Eurdpe. The last of ,these sesen Avignon popes was land, the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily adhered to
Gregory XI. By him  the papacy was re-establish&l the. pope in A<ignon: The.pa$l schism wa$ the great-
in Rome in 1377 but the next' year he died there.                                                                . . est calamity that couldr%e??all:l  the Roman hierarchy.
   As we shall now see, still greater' calamities were                                                                  It was an heretofore unknown scandal in th'e Western
in `stoi-e  for the papacy than those that thus far had                                                                 Church. There were two papal courts that now had
b&fallen it. Pope Gregory XI having died, the  l;ol+ to be maint&&l,  and !tki`e`:.%&ilt was that taxations
lege of cardinals, whose task it was to elect. a sue- were augmented as w&11-&  papal abuses. Popular
cessorfor the deceased pope, assembled in the Vatican regard for the papacy  +%%"iiearly gone. Men  begah
chose Bartholomew Prignano, archbishop of Bari, w@o to doubt whether the -l%&%y. was a divine institut-
took the name Urban VI. This Upban was an Itali,an,                                                                     tion.                                        ,._
his election spelled the triumph of the Roman people,                                                                          The dates of this S&$&ii  `are 1378-1417. It thus
who had resolved to keep the papacy in Rome.. Urban lasted thirty nine years;.  In"Rome  th.2 period included
acquired the r'eputatibll  of being a tactless pope; btit the sucoessive reigns `of-$otii&pes.:  Urban VI (1378),
if  adtionishing cardinals  for. their worldliness  a&d. honiface  IX  (1389-140:$?,  Innocent  VII (1404-1406  j,
want of devotion to the duties of thkir office and if Gregory XII  (1406-1415)  :"I
rebuking such men for holding' more than one  ap-                                                                                                                   . . . . .
                                                                                                                               The election of Boni%& IX took blace in his thirty-
p@ntment  and for accepting bribes  from princes, is eighth year. He `was g m& of fine appearance and
tactlessness, Urban was a tactless pope.' True, he an able ruler but could ti&`e&n' wyite. Innocent VII
also `resisted the demands of the French cardinals that                                                                                                            .-  *<_ . .
                                                                                                                        was only thirty five y&laar$ jld at' the time of his .elec-
the &pacy return td Avignon ; but this cannot be hkld tion. E'ecause his nepgeG;`si&w  in ,Col_c blood eleven of
ig&nst him, as it was generally  agr'eed that  tlie                                                                     the principal men of the ,city, he- was expelled from
ab&n& df the popes froth Rome had done the pa%acy Rome but later' recall& `- &fter the example of his
yn?uch,barm. Urban's position was that Rome and the two predecessors he  pk?onounced  sentence of  ,excom-
papacy belonged together and could be separated' orily munication on the pipes in Avignon. The  .last pope
with  cJis&strous  results to both. Nevertheless, four of the.R,bvn line was.-@eg,ery  XII.                                                                                                                                             B
mbnths after his  ,eleetion,  the French cardinals',  a&                                                                                                                                     :
                                                                                                                                 :'  `/  `(                    ; . . . :
i:nneefise'd-  by his attacks, demanded  his resignation.-                                                                                                      . .  I I'                           G. M: .O.
                                                                                                                                                     .; ,  !. . <-.: ,j `- '
Shortly thereafter, they denounced him as an apostate                                                                                                                                       ,.                  .,.                `.
                                                                                                                                                     ^              ,_*.
and:ld&olazed his election void. on the ground that it                                                                                                          8  1.. . .__ .^
                                                                                                                          ,                                   ..;A::  -.                                   ",a.                    '
had been: diet&ted" by mob violentie. .`s True, x.it ha& ;  :.  `.'                                                                            .I                . ..*.. :,,.               1: /
Whil& the electiol?  of!Urban was in progress, an Itali$n                                                                                                                                                                     (
                                                                                                                   1                                              . , . . , . . .
mob, determined to keep the  papacy in  Roine,,:had                                                                            .I;        Y'                     . . . . ..._'                             .
made-the air ring with angry shouts and threats. "We                                                                                Shrink not .&om.ihe right strife unequal{
will have a Roman pope  or at least  an Italian.`! In                                                                                          With the best is always hope :                                           -.
the room underneath  .the compartment, where the                                                                                    But ever in the%qu@l;
cardinals  weFe  met, soldiers thrust their  spears  thru                                                                                      God holds fKe*&&it  side-up:

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                                                                    :                         ."


              P & i -                                               .              '                             F'ti.E,            S?i?A N % A.jX 0
                                                                          I                                                                                                l3.F A l%E~I1        ---P--j
                                                                                  ..

                                                                                                                                                                                                     .~._  _  _  _.         ~-  _._..  _~  _  _         .'
                                                                                                                                                                    -`Zoo was het gegaan met dizen iij'der:
                         s:fjlsJs'
                                                      s      i            `
                                                                               E:p;w$-y~`
                                                                                                                                   g             `
                                                                                                                                                 >('                 -D.e `gedschten  vermenigvuldigen zich- toen hij van
                                                                                              `
                                                                                               .                                                                  alle kanten besprohgen  %erd, en l&t moest aan%n, ihoe-
                  .                                         I        .-                 .           -.     _^.      __.      .            ^.     .     .     .
I                                                                                                                                                                 Gods- volk verbrijzeld-  werd. Hiij  ken het  .tia&  &et'
::`.                                                                                                                                                              "klaar"  krijgell. Hoe kan dat, h& kan God `bet zien
                       &-Jm,  (-)  God  &r  q$.&&,.  '                                                                                                            en niet zoeken?                                      _
                                                                                                                                   . .
                                      :     '                                                                                                                         Dock,  ev,enals- Asaf, toe? hij de dingen zag vanuit
                                                      (Psalm 94; ji0t)
        ,                                                                                                                                                         hef gezicfi~spnn$  Godes,~ toen werd. h&t stil,- toe+ werd
                       We zijri toegekomen- aak.het einde van..dezen' ver-                                                                                        hi:. door-  Got?   be&do&.,   .,,
              schrikkelijkkn  psalm. Is  h&`niet-  v`erschrikkelijkj   als                                                                                         ;...`.kn-  dat l$d~l &t, verkwikking der ziel.
              we bebaald virorcleri' bij het komen  in wrake van den
              God. des hemels en d'er aard& ?'                                                                                                                        E? wordt' hier"een ieer schoon. wotird  .gkbruikt,  bf,
                                                                                                                                                                  liever, ,ee'n vorti van een" ,eigenaardig werkwodrd.                                   De
                       Dit laatste. gedeelte- klinkt $og soniberder  dan het gedachte `is,- dat degene- die getr.oost wordt door God
              geheel.  Eli  to&,  dieper geblikt dan  de  oppervlal$e,                                                                                            geliefkoosd  .wordt,  gestreeld  `in liet binnenste. Dat is
              iieh we ook hier de schijnsel& van het licht Godes;                                                                                                 juist `bet te&endvergestelde  %an deli dolksteek,. waar-
                       Luistert: YAls tiijne ge$&hten bitin,en in tiij ver-                                                                                       mede de- gotid`elooze  bet--arme. volk doorsteken  in bet.
              tienigvuldi-gd  warden,  hebl%n  Xf%e  v&itYoostingen                                                                                               binnenste. Ge vindt die uitdkukking meer dan eens
     . lcijfie  ziel  verk*ikt  !"  `1,  .'  .'  ..                                                                                                               ill  `de  Reil.ig& S&rift.            Denkt, b.v.,  aafi David  in?
                                                                                                                                                                                                :
                `. Ja, die veim&i&uldiging  der.gedachten  hebben we Psalm 43.
              &$ien.           ,'                -                  ',a  `S  ",                                                                                       `Neen,.maar  de dicht!T heeft het gezien en ,ervaren,
                       I% nag maar eens of;:,<e$s  drie en vier, waar de .dat God nabij de ziel is--die schreiend: tot- Hem. vh~cht.
              woordin-  als `6 ware opb&isen"uit de ziel des .lijders.                                                                                            ~qcl~ zal het al<zoeken en.vinden  en wraken:!                                 . .
                       Als `alles g.ewoon is, hebbeq we gedachten de's har- : Want Hij is de  gerechtigheid   Zelve!                                                                                                                      ..
              ten.. Dan volgt d,e eene gedachte de a!ldere en- wordt                                                                                                 --Luistert ma& / ,"Zoude zich de' stoel.,der*schadelijk-
              d.e  draad van .ons denken  -rus&glijk  ui'tgesptinnen  tot heden met U'verielschappen, -di& moeite. ve&%cht -bij.:
              bet einde, om dan, weer qet, +en andere draad te be- inzetting?"`
              ginnen.                                                       A`
                                                                   >.*e,..  .",  j.                                                                                 deli het antwoord zit in de  vraag : 0 neen !  G&l
                Lioch. de dingeii iijn  buiteagewo&   bier. Meer han heeft .geen-gemeensehap,-inet  de goddelooze rege&ders,
             `eens hebben we de klachten van .Christus Jezus hier rechters, `grodten der aaide, -die geroepen  worden; 6m
              ontdekt; En .&lfs al blijven we_bij  de.gewone mensche-                                                                                             recht  te  doen,  do& die  juist.-  het  tegeno$ergesteldk
              lijke smart van een gewoon diehter in Israel, dan. heb-                                                                                             dben : ze verdichten moeite  bij- instelling.                           .-.
              ben het hier te doen met. iemand die in de engte ge-                                                                                                 : &en vreeseli.jke  verdraaiing: van de- juiste, en ware
     x  dq%en wierd. En d-an is, het `verre van gewoon.. De b&ekkingen !
              dingen zijn zeer buitengewoon,hier. IHet is hier bang
              e?l danker, hen-auvy&en  angstig geweest.                                                                                                               Het gaat hier over rechters,  koningen of r.egeerders..
                                                                                                                                                                  ?Vant~ze zit$en op de %toel" ell.ze  worden  geroepen om
                       En dan worden  de gedaehten.~ermenigvuldigd.  G;e                                                                                          %n!ettingen" te maken. '
              weet van di.e ooge$wlikken.:  .:Voo+als als men aange-
              vallen wordt door  .zijti  mede.,m&nsch. En nog meer, ' Evenwel verdraaien ze alles, want hun "steel)' word-'
              als men aangeva-ll@`wordt ten. onrechte. Dan wordt' genoemd  .een steel van schadelijkheden  en l&n-produkt
              het benauwd en dan worden  de gedachten vermeiig- is dat ze ,"moeite.verdichten  bij. inzetting";. Diezelfde
             vuldigd. We  `wachten-.dan-.niet  totdat:.een  draad der gedachte. wordt nog duidelijker  weergegeven in het
             gedachten uitgeipannen is. tot het einde, doch dan volgt vdlgende vers : "!Zij rdtten .zich tezamen.  tegen de ziel
              de eene gedachte de andqe enonstuimiglijk  verdringen &es rechtvaardigen,  en zij verdoemen onsehuldigbloed.".
             die gedaclite de  ,eeF de and&.                                                                j                                                         Nu is -bet heel:  verschr1kkelij.k  als tiensclfen  dat
                       In die toestarid  nu, werd .de, dichter  door. God ver- doen.                                                                                                                                         .                   ~ .  -*...
              troost.           t                                                                                                                                     De mensch `is gel-wepen  `bm ;ijii `naasfe -li&f-t& heb-'
              `En die  vertrbostingen  verkwikten zijn ziel.                                                                                                      ben en  overai-zijti welzijn  te  zoeken.   Komt'  m&:.in.
      ..,              Troosten : "een bij uitstek Goddelijk $erk !                                                                                               adnl.a&ig. met de. `ziel van een` `rechtv'aardig. `m&&b
                       Troosten': hoe moeilijk tioor ons om den breeder  te                                                                                       dati' retigeere  m&r op ztilk ien* zi&i gelijk het beh"o&t.
        ; troosten. Wij  %3jn  alle mqeilijke  vertroosters!.  Job Komt men in  aanraking   m&Y..   d&n.-  onschddi&  &.n.
              vond het uit.                                                                                                  _.                                   iegge me&iulBs  -dons wooFa  en d&d., .                          .             :  `:  ;`:  ~~
                       Dit is de ware troost : &is ik.,mag zien,. $a$ de dingen                                                                                       Doet  .tiet  -d&t  %iet;  d&h  `cloet  men j&t  li&`$e&efi-
              die mijn vermoeide ziel en lichaam tegen zijn, dienen                                                                                               ov&&teid& dah `is-  dat `vreeselijk.                       Dan  ii&,  &  hit.
              tot Gods lof en tot mijn eigeti b&stwiI..  :-Dan woidt bet' ontiettendti  tafe~e&l,~ dat 6en. lrechtvaardige- $eg&@ge-
              s t i l   i n   h e t   schreiende?iart;                                                                                                            staafi  wdfdt  &nI  h&t  orisch&diie.bloed  v&do&d.  Alles


                                               Th%     STANDARD                      BEARER.                                         185.

     wat er dan voor U overblijft is zulks te beweenen ,en vertrek,,.   ,en mijn God tot een Steenrots mijner  toe-
     op God te wachten.                                            .,.' _    v1uqht.l'     :
        Maar het is nog veel vreeselijker hier ! Hot  &at                       .,Wat ongekunde  troost !
     hier niet over gewone menschen. Het gaat hier over                          Ge kunt, ge moogt U terugtrekken in God. En )Hij
     menschen die op de hoogste plaats zitten die ge maar is voor"U een hoog vertrek. Het doet U denken  aan die
     U kunt indenken :. ze zitten in het gestoelte van den kamer; daar zeer hoog boven in dat kasteel. Daar kan
     rechter.  * Ze moeten inzettingen maken.                                de vijand niet tot U doordringen.
        En het resultaat werd, dat die onnatuurlijke rech-                       Dat hoog vertrek  :en die steenrots vindt ge,  ob-
     ters  zich stelden tegen den rechtvaardige. die voor. hen jectief, in d,e Heilige Schrift en, subjectief, door Gods
i stond ; en moeite veroorzaakten door valsche inzet-                        Geest toegepast dp en in `t hart.
     tingen.                                                  /                  Wilt ge het in een woord hebben, dan is dit de actie
        En dat geb.eurt !                                                    van  Uw- geloof. Uw geloof,  Uw werkzaam geloof is
        Zegt met: zulks gebeurt in elk geval alle,en in de als een mum die U omringt. Dat geloof overwint ook
     wereld, niet tech op `t gebied der kerk?            L                   het kromme en het verkeerde, dat U doet lijden. Het
       "0 ja, mijn broeder, het geschiedt juist  .op zijn overwint de geheele  wereld en. de geheele he1 met alle
     vreeselijks in de kerk en niet in de wereld. -Het ge-                   duivelen. Daarom : alle aanslagen die men listiglijk
!  qhiedt ook  -w'el in de wereld,  doch veel erger in de tegen U aanlegt, zullen nooit gelukken. Al zou dan.ook
     kerk. .  e                                                              de, heele wereld tegen U stemmen,  als ge rechtvaardig
        N,eemt  nu maar weer het Groote Voorbeeld: te zijt dantrekt ge U terug in de vesting van de Steen-
     terechtstelling van Jezus. !Het was immers in de kerk rots aller eeuwen. En, wordt ge vertroost.
     van  Christus waar Hij terechtstond?  .Ziet  ge Hem                         En die kromme  rechters,  die hoogstaande menschen,
     niet voor Kajafas?  Laatstgenoem-de  is Ben  van- die 266 hoog, dat ze soms."goden" genoemd werden? Wat
     kromme rechters  der aarde. En zoo gaat ,het gedurig- zal er van hen terecht komen? Hoe zal het gaan met
     lijk door  `alle eeuwen  heen.  Stand Luther niet voor                  dat verdraaide en verachtelijkel  volk, dat -altijd den
     dat kromme gestoelte?             Stonden wij niet voor dat rechtvaardige plaagt, op de hielen zit en verdoemt ?
     kromme gestoelte in 1924? Denkt een oogenblik aan                           Ge ontvangt Uw antwoord in het laatste vers. En
     de verachtelijke krommigheden die in Nederland ge-                      dan zult ge ook zien, ,dat we den psalm terecht gekarak-
     schied zijn onder den naam van het schoone Gerefor-
                                 .'                                          teriseerd hebben als een vreeselijke psalm. Want hij
     meerde Kerkrecht? Zonder het recht Gods, dat door loopt uit op de hel. Dat iszijn laatste klank.
     Christus in den `kerkeraad zetelt, ook maar eenigzins                       "En Hij zal hunne ongerechtigheid op hen  doen
     te kennen, worden  en werden honderden van recht-                       wederkeeren, en  iHij zal ze in  hunee boosheid  ver-
 matig gekozen ambtsdragersuit  hun ambt ontzet ! Is delgen ; de Heere onze God zal ze verdelgen."
     dat geen moeite veroorzaken bij' inzetting? De Synode                       H,et eerste dat on8 hier opvalt is het feit, dat hun
     en de Classis doet hetgeen des kerkeraads is!                           eigen ongerechtigheid hen. verdoemen zal. God ver-
        En zo,o is het gegaan van e&w tot eeuw.                              delgt dit volk in hun `eigen boosheid.
        En nu `zegt de diehter : Zou God met .zulk rot ge-                       `k Heb we1 eens. gedacht, dat "atomic fission" .en
 meenschap hebben?                                                           ."chain reaction" het einde van het heelal zullen bren-
        En het antwoord : ,O neen ! Hij is te  recht van gen. Het zou best kunnen. Ik  dacht  daar, nu  aan,
     oogen dan dat Hij ook maar voor een oogenblik het want zoo iets hebt'ge ook hier. Historisch hebt ge dat
 verkeerde zou kunnen aanzien.                                               met Haman. Hij is gehangen aan zijn ,eigen  galg.
        0 neen ! Al dat samenrotten tegen den rechtvaar-                         In elk geval, het zijn onze zonden die ons de eeuwige
     dige heeft God gezien; en.!H,ij zal het ook zoeken. `Het verdoemenis brengen. 266 wordt onze boosheid ons
     eenigste wat .gij moet onthouden is dit: ge moet op verderf.
     God wachten. Hier op aarde hebben eze succes.  Hier                         Dat geschiedt in beginsel nu al.
     op aarde is kr een meerderheid. Hier op. aarde ont-                         Ge kunt Uw broeder niet plagen, zeer doen met op,-
     dekte men het fijngesponnen, doch valsche, weefsel zet; veroordeelen onrechtvaardiglijk,  h.et onschuldige
 van leugen en haat niet ;` of men zal het, men herkende bloed verdoemen-en dan ook Uzelf verlustigen. Dat
 het duivelsche, doch men had mede ,een welgevallen  in kan niet. Als dat tech zoo is, dan is het erger met U.
 d.en dood van zekeren rechtvaardige. Laat dit U .tot                        Maar dan kan niet. Is er in het houden van Gods ge-
 .troost  `zijn: God had nooit gemeenschp met zulk ge- boden een groot loon; het  tegenovergeste1cl.e is ook
 knoei ! En,: Hij zal het zoeken en' vinden in den dag waar.
 d        e     s         oordeels:                                                  In  het verbreken van ,Gods  gebod is smart.    Die
                                          I
-                                                                            God in zulke dingen verlaat heeft `smart op smart te
        Trekt U t&g in God. De -dichter deed het ook.. v r e e z e n .
 Luistert : "Doch de Heere is mij gew,eest  tot een hoog                         God  oordeelt   alie dagen. Als we  bet  kwade  doen


`1.86                                    TQ,E:.           STA~~-JARD                  BEARER'                     .
                                             ~.
     veroordeelt Hij ons in  bet diepe hart. `k Heb het -in the fear of the Lord but also in preparing himself
     vaak geiioeg gevoeld.                            * .        for the training of God's covenant children.
         Doch  als: men U ten onrechte doet  lijden  ,zQoals     Study the  `Scrip5u~al Passage.
menhet  dezen diahter deed, dan wordt ge nu al in b,e-
     ginsel getroost,  maar hij lijdt smarten!                      That you must study the Scriptural passage which
                                                                 constitutes your lesson for that week is obvious enough.
         Het is een voorportaal `van de he1 waar eeuwige No one would deny that; and all realize that there can
     smart heerscht. .                                           be no preparation without it. However, the question
         0 Heere, geef ons oprechtheid.. Dat die ons  be- ,remains, "What does it means to study the Scriptural
-houde door .onzen Heere Jezus Christus !                        passage ?" A related question is, "How do' I go about
                                                    G.  .v.  - studying my lesson? _ What must I do first?"            .
                                                                    The first step, is a very simple yet extremely im-
                                                                 portant one. Read carefully, thoughtfully and repeat-
                                                                 #e&y  the passage which constitutes the lesson. The
                                                                 teacher *who glances at the passage indicated as the
                                                                 lesson -for the week and then says to .himself,  "0, `it is
                              E S".F E A R                       about Joseph being sold into Egypt", or "My,`how easy
                                                                 I .have it this week, the lesson is about David killing,
                                                                 Goliath, and I know that story so well", that tea&er
              How SHALLI E~REPARE MY LESSON?                     has started .off with the wrong foot, so to speak, in
         The Sunday School teacher by conducting his class preparing his lesson. When he comes to teacher's
     on Sunday asks, together with all th,e other Sunday meeting, lie likewise is not prepared to enter into. the
     Sdhool teachers, "`May -we. h,elp train' your child in the disCussion of the lesson. Read the passage carefully
     fear of the Lord by teaching him to memorize God's          even if it is a, very familiar story. Especially if it .is
     Word, learn the songs of Zion `a,nd by recounting to -a less well known incident recorded in the.Scriptur.es
     him the truth as it is displayed to us in the many his-     read it  careful@  .,and  thoughtfully. As.  you read  .it
                                                                 notice and commit to memory the various details in the
,torical events recorded in the Scriptures.                      incident. Was it five  .stones David chose from the
         `The question before which each teacher tbkn does .brook to slay Goliath, or was it only one? Did Jesus
     and surely ought to place himself is, `How shall and take twelve disciples on the Mt. of Transfiguration, or.
     how can I best prepare my lesson so that I live up to       did !H.e take. only three? Was it really three or per-
     my promise?" He has a responsibility which he has .haps four  disciples that saw His glory  .there  on the
     taken upon himself. He is responsible  b'efore  Go:d Mount ?
     Whose covenant children he instructs. He is also re-           Take. note also of the exact order in. which events
     sponsible .before God because. it is IHis Word which `occur in the incident. .' As a rule the events suggest
     he deals with and which he explains to his pupils. He what follows, and in a story it is not very often that
     is responsible to the parents ;who send their children one loses the line of thought.  .However, very often
     .to him ,and desire his help in training them in :God's .details  on. the story are .forgotten,  and one finds the
     ~fear; He is also responsible  to. the children he -in- need of going back, to repeat a -portion of the story
     structs..  H,e is morally -obliged  also- before  theme to Tbecause  one little element was .overlooked  while read-
     .teach  them the truth and nothing but the truth. It `ing and preparing the lesson. These stories as a rule,
     follows then that he must prepare himself car,efully        are so well known to us that certain details in the in-
     and fully. His work must not be slipshod.  IlIe may &dent suggest themselves to us. `But that is not always
     not come unprepared to his class. He must be diligent th,e case with'the child. IOften it happens that he has
     and perform his work faithfully, taking the' necessary never heard the story-before. Note the order of events
     time and .work to come before his class ready to train. by- reading the- lesson carefully.
.,them `in the fear of the Lord.                                  Likewise take notice of the names oh the persons
.        Believing that all our Sunday School teachers very ,mentioned  in the ,story. If Scripture gives the names
     really ask themselves-this question over and over again,    of these persons, make a note of it on paper or in-your
     -and believing that many of the less experienced teacli- mind. And when you teil the story do not say, "Then
     .ers would appreciate a few hints in regard- to the .pre- :a man came ands said to David. . . ." when Scripture
     -paration of their lesson, we -intend .to answer- the above says, "and `- the prophet N-athan  came to David and
     .question  in this present .essay  -in the department of ..spake to him". `Or, -wait a minute, was it Nathan or
     ,education called In -His Fear.. The Sunday School Nabal? Could it perhaps have been  Nab&h? Be
     teacher asks; "May I help train your child". -But he        definite: - Be corFe& And therefore -first of all read
     also realizes', that .,he `himself needs -training not only the story carefully and thoughtfully.
                                                                                                 .


                -  -.  .~    -._           T H E   STANDARD  BE'ARER                                                            187:
D
           Not only does it weaken the story when .you' elimin-          Take into consideration and strive to .find out the
       ate things. Scripture includes; or when you give differ- social: and political condition of Israel if the -incident
       ent figures than those in the Scriptures or jumble'%p belongs to the Old Testament dispensation. Was there
       the order of events, but you. as a teacher' may `also a God-fearing or godless king on the throne? Was it
       suffer m"uch embarrassment `from your pupils- for your' during thetimes of the Judges when men did as seemed
       wrong`presentation. Do not forget that they are also .right in their own sight or when they had a king to
       taught by very capable school teachers five days .in rule'over  them? How much'reveiation did the saints
       the week. You must not be surprised then if when have at the time the incident recorded in the lesson
       ~0.~1~ present things incorrectly you see- one two or takes place? The faith of the shepherds, ,of Simeon
       three hands go up. Do not think either that these and Amla at the time of Christ is understood and b.est
       hands represent intelligent questions which are the appreciated when we remember that politically it  in;
       result of deep interest in the story. You will find that deed seemed hopeless that God's promise of a Messiah
       the- child wants to correct you. And you invited that be realized. In. Solomon's time such .a promise might
       correction from your children by a lack of care in seem far more possible. Likewise it makes  a cliff&-
       the `preparation of your lesson.                   i           ence whether the saint walks uprightly in the face
           In this connection we might. also suggest that you of famine and persecution or in- times of prosperity.
       strive to use- the proper pronunciation of the names Find- out as :much as you can about these things that
       which appear in the lesson. If you pronounce `these you may present an interestin-g  story to the child and
       names differently than the child hears them pro- give him. the necessary background, to understand it in                         '
       nounced and is taught to pronounce them in school, its true light.
       you  ,will also- invite  _  such  d-isturbances in the pre-       You must bear in inind that you are teaching a
       sentation of your lesson; Consulta  good self-pronounc- child. The lesson explanation must be interesting or
       ing (what a poor name for it)' Bible or else a Bible the child cannot follow. you. Indeed, 
                                                                                                          . - _    wee are not advo-
      `dictionary, ,especially-for  such names as Mephibosheth. eating the practice that `you entertain the child. That
       Is the accent. on the second or on the third ' syllable?       is something quite different. But to make the story
       Failure to do these things- besides inviting a correction interesting, that is, make it so that your keep his atten-
       by your pupils will also disturb the whole class. You tion is a  must  for you. And to do so you should do
       often have l~~ljils who.like to be rude and who do not         some research into these things which will make the
       take the time to raise their hands to corr.ect you but         story fresh. to him and interesting. If yen- can find.
       blurt out that which they have in their mind. This some interesting thing- about the  coul-ltry in which
       is disturbing for you, but it also disrupts the attention      the incident t,akes  place wh.ich w-ill. make the picture
       of the whole class.                                            more vivid before the m-ind's  eye of the child; so much
           After you have taken all thesedetails into consider-' the better. !H'owever,  we ohghf to be sure that it does
       ation, you must proceed-to understand the main tho`ught        not detract from the truth in the lesson. It must be
       in the story and the- related thoughts. In order to do an item which helps to present the lesson. The point
       this, you should make an honest attempt, to see the we are making here is that you ought to do'more than
       story in its setting. You may not have enough material simply read the lesson passage and look for  the. `de-
       at your disposal for `a thorough investigation of. all tails in it. Do as much research as you can for the
       the details, but you should not despise the information        lesson. A Bible dictionary such as the one by  `Dri
       that can be made available to' you. You ought to take William Smith, for example; will give you a. wealth of
       into considera-tion  `the t-ime when the story takes blace.    material which you can- use in- your l'esson  explanai
       Whether it takes place in the Old T,estament times or t i o n s .
       the New Testament times makes quite a diff.erence.                In the lesson explanation; we believe that there
       Whether it  occnrs before  the. giving of  the. Law on ought also to be as. much as possible a reference to
       Mt. Sinai or after likewise makes a difference. It Christ and His cross; We cond,emn Christless sermons
       makes `a difference whether it took place before the           in which His name is not even mentioned. We ought
       Cross of Christ or  aft,erward.  When a persecution likewise  to: look in- our Sunday School lessons for
       arose in the days of Stephen, many fled out of the land        opportunities to- show the- children, how all things point
t of Canaan even as far as the Island of `Cyrus and to to Him Who is the word become, flesh. We. ought to
       Antioch in Syria, Elimelech also fled out of t-he land look for the types and shadows in the--Old Testament,
       of- Canaan into M&b-because of the famine. But you and when dealing `with a story of Christ in the "New
       cannot place `these. two, incidents on the same level          Testament we'ought to look for the picture and.shadow-
       s$ritually. Elimeleeh ran away from the Tabernacie.            of this event, (if there.`be  one) which took place. in the
       The saints who fled to Cyprus seperated themselves             did Testament. When dealing with the lives of such
      .from the .Temble but not with the same significance0 men as Moses and- David this is often quite ,easy, A n d
     Andy  c o n s e q u e n c e s .         5                        the fact that Israel's rejection of David- was a `type of

                                                                                                     h


188                                            TIIE  S T A N D A R D   BEARER

their rejection of Christ ought to be brought out too,                  in that struggle we may be sure of victory because the
and the teacher must look for these things. He..must,                   crown of life has been promised by Jehovah to them
however, be on his guard not to manufacture types that love Him.
and shadows.  ,Or  whenno type or shadow appears                            Blessed is this `man, according to James, supremely
and the story is of the wickedness of some indiv.idual,                 happy is he, because he shall receive the crown of life.
do not leave the story there. By all means remind, He is blessed now, in the certain anticipation of this
the child that our sins are forgiven because Jesus died crown. There are two, words in the original  Gr,eek
for LIS. ,Or else if it be in the Old Testament times and wh,ich are often translated "crown". The  on,e word
concerning the faith of some great saint, as Abraham refers to a royal crown, can be rendered literally
b.elieving  that he will have a son, show .that Abraham "diadem", the crown, worn by kings. The other word
in this believed in the promise of God to send the for crown refers to a laurel wreath, which was given
Christ.                                                                 to a conqueror, a winner as in the old Grecian or
     We have indicated a few broad and general lines Roman games. The latter word is used in this text.
along which to prepare .the lesson. Details cannot be The Christian is engaged in a struggle. He must exert
given, nor can all the things you might be able to do himself to the utmost. He must fight to preserve what
be indicated, but we have tried to make plain what we he has- and to obtain the future glory. Consequently,
mean when we say that you must study the Scriptural                     he shall receive a crown, a winner's prize, `when he
passage. In the next issue  w,e hope to give a few shall have struggled unto the end.
a d d i t i o n a l   t h o u g h t s .   +                                 James speaks of the crown  ,of  life.  The crown
                               (To be Continued)                        of the victorious Christian is viewed by. Scripture from
                                                     J. A. *la          several aspects. In II Tim.  4:8 we read of it as a
                                                                        crown of righteousness.        In I Pet. 5  :4 the apostle
                                                                        speaks of it as a crown of glory. And in  R,ev. 2  :lO
                                                                        we read of the crown of life. The <expression "crown
                   `.     '                                             `of life",
                                         \                                            appearing in the latter passage and also in
                                                                        the words of James 1:12, implies' that life is viewed
               FROM HOLY WRIT                                           as a crown. It is surely beyond all doubt that this
                                                                        refers to eternal life. Eternal life is obtained by the
                                                                        child of God as a prize, .is bestowed upon .him onl-y as
              James  1:12:  - "Blessed  is the man, that endureth       at the  *end of a struggle. Then he will receive the
              temptation: for when he is tried, he shall receive the    crown of life, the crown consisting exclusively of life:
              crown of life, which the Lord hath  prcmked to` Life, in the Scriptural sense of the word, is fellowship
             them that love Him."                                       wit.h the alone blessed God. In heaven we will be char-
                                                                        acterize*d  exclusively by this life. There will be no
    Verse 12 may be considered a summary of the death there. Nothing will hinder us in the perfect
preceding context. In verses` 2-4 we are exhorted to service of the`lord. Everything, within us and about
rejoice when we fall into diverse temptations. Tempta- us, will be perfectly adapted to the blessed fellowship
tions work the approved state of our faith, and ap- with the Lord. And we shall live forever. Death will
proved faith worketh patience. Hence, let us r,ejoice.                  eternally be ' impossible.     Of  th.is crown of life,  .in
In verses 5-8 the church is admonished, to ask of God heavenly beauty and with all the people of the living
wisdom. We need wisdom. The way of the Christian God throughout the ages, James speaks in this twelfth
in the midst of the world is difficult. Only when we verse of James 1.
receive wisdom from God will we be .able to see .the                        To receive this crown of life, however, we must
present in the light of the future, to reject th,e treasures            endure temptation. For, only he who is tried, `shall.
of Egypt, of this present time, for the glories that shall              receive  th,e crown of life. This "enduring of tempta-
be revealed, to endure sufferings and afflictions for tion" and its accompanying result, "our b.eing tried" is,
the crown of eternal life and glory. In verses 9-11 the first of all, an objective requirement for, our obtaining
holy writer directs our attention to a concrete example of the crown of life. Another wav to receive this prize
of the afflictions of the people of God. IBow the poor                  does not exist: Literally we read here of the man who
people of God are maltreated by the ungodly rich!                       is enduring temptation and, as a result of this, is being
However, the lowly brother will be exalted and the rich tr,ied. Both  ,expressions, "enduring temptation" and
will be made low. And now James summarizes this "when he is tried" appear in the original in the present
context in the words of verse 12, In this verse $ames                   tense, and refer, therefore, to an'activity, a work which
emphasizes, first of all, the blessedness of the afflicted.             is in  progr,ess.
T$ey shall receive the crown of life. Secondly, we                          As far as the expression "`enduring temptation" is
ar.e blessed only in the way of endurance. And finally,, concerned, the word "temptation" (see our interpre-


                      /
                                            T H E   S T A N D A R D   B E A R E R , .                        *                 189

 tation of verse 2) refers to all  zil. powers and  iti- Christ has received. all power in heaven and on earth.
 fluences, within and without, which would lead us away Hence,   He-wiil ir?esistibly  draw His own unto IHim-
from-the path  -of God's  cdvenant. The word ;"etidur-                 self.                                      .
::&g!! :means%terally  "to rema+, .abide; a&l is0 to.perse-                 T&t  ,only the persevering Christian will receive
 ye". O.qr attitude, therefore, toward this temptation the crown. of life is due to the char&er: of the Divine
 mu&`,be  one of  pkrseverance. We  m&f'.not su&uhb                    work of salvation. IOn the one hand, the Divine work
:to them, but endtire them, beau- ihe& without -falter-                of salvation is, a perfect work. He finishes what He
 i~ng. .I,  0.                                                         begins. And.be&use'His  work is p&fe& the character
                    1':     `/!/`ii!,
     The expression !`iwheQ! he.is tried':,  (literally, `"being Of. 0cL-r' faith.' i's :&ch t&t it cannot. succu1yib', bu:t that u
 tried or apprdved'!.);  ref Qqs tp- ithe +ame  :thought.  which it m&t' en$.lre tinto the `end. In fact, we may surely
 is expressed in verse 3. .James `does not refer. h,ere to             de&re that, the %in&!"&rpose  ,of temptations is ex-
 the trial of our faith, but to thz results of that trial.             actly to reveal the  imperishableness  of His  worl; of
 Our. becoming approve$  refers to l&t condition of the grace. And, on the other hand, the work of God with-
 Christian wherein his true spiritual character is re- in us is such that we  .are saved as moral,,  rational
 vealed.  as purged from all foreign elements. Silver creatures.. He alone saves. But we are saved. He
 and gold are Ked, approvsd  by fir,e in. the sense that               caus&' us $0 run but we must run ; H,e enables us to will
 they are purged of all.impurities,  ~0 that their beauty and we therefore must will ; ,-Fe gives us faith and w,e
 and true character may shine the m&e brilliantly. So must believe. knd because He%saves  unto the utmost
 also the Christian is being approved. Many foreign he that endures temptation, being approved, shall re-
 elements cleave to the ,Christian's.,conscious walk and ceive the crown of life.                                 t
 manifestation.. The approved Christian is he who, i . However, our enduring of temptation  ajnd being
 when cast irito the furnace of affliction, is being puri- approved is `also a subjective. requirement for our re-
 fied,  80  that the  impei.ish$ble`  char&et of his faith ceiving of the crown of life. We read in the text:
 s&in& the more gloriously, ~1s purged "from all carnal Blessed, is the man who endureth temptation, for being
 and sinful eliments.                                                  approved  he shall receive the crown of  lif,e. We are
 '  ,W:e understand,' .of  cours,e,  that our  .enduring  of ribw blessed;  -,are now supremely happy because w,e `liow                 .
 temptation and. our being approv-od are intimately re- experience the sure anticipation of the crown of life.
 lated. The one is the result of t&i: other. That man is Fact is,  ourI enduring of temptation-and being  `ai-
 blesseti who endures temptation for he is being' ap- proved is the only subjective possibility  wber,eby  we
 proved. .                                                             n&v can joyfully look forward to the obtaining of the
     This enduring of temptation with its accompanying crown. If we would rejoice now in the future obtain-
 result, our approved state, is, first of all, an objective ing of the crown and if we now would rejoice in the
 requirement  for our  obtaining of  the crown of life.                certainty that God will finish His work, then we must
 T-his does .not mean that our obtaining of the crown of also now experience and taste this blessed work of
 life is dependent upon.our perseverance unto the end.                 God- within us.  `Only he is blessed, only he can be                  .
 Thus tl$z arminian conception would interpret the text. blessed who endures tem@ation. For when we endure
 But this view is a'd,enial of the Holy Scriptures. Do temptatic$  stand stedfastly  in the midst of the wbrld,,
 we not  read in Rom.  8:38-39 that nothing shall be are becoming approved, we increasingly taste the g'race
 able to separate us from `tk;e love' of God which .there              of God within our hearts. That man is blessed because
 is in Christ Jesus, our Lord? And are we not taught he shall,' also in, his own consciousness, receive th&
 in Rom. 9 :15 that it is not of ,him that w,illeth,  nor of           crown of life-he knbws that the -work of God, `which
 him..that  runneth, but of God that sheweth mercy? by the grace of God has been begun, shall by that same
 -And-.-does not the apostle, Peter, proclaim the Gqd grace be fully  don,e. And tasting,  ,experiencing this
 `and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ blessed, in.1 Pet. work of Divine grace he will also increasingly look for:                            *
 1~3; Who according to His a$undant mercy bath begot- ward unto that day when the crown -of life shall be
 ten us ag& .unto  a `lively hope by the `resurrection of              given him and the work of  God;"&  grace begun in
 Jesus Christ from the dead? Besides these passages,, liis heart, shall be completed in heapenly perfection.
 `the `conception that our obtaining of the crow6 of life              :        Finally, -James declares of this cr,own of life that
 is  dependetit   ubon  ils is impossible.  F$stly, -God's the Lord has promised it to them that lbve Hi+ The
 people have been el&&d~unto~etern$.ilif~  f&d b'efore position of God's people in the midst of the world is
 the foundation of' the `world: Hbricej dur eteinal  des- apparently hopeless. They are the p&y zf `the living
 tiny has: been Divinely -determined. Secondly, Christ God but must endtire afflictions. Evejrfihihg seems to
 has bought us with. His own precious  blood. ,Our sins be against us and our ultimate triumph appears im-
 axe.  ther,efore  blotted  o.&,         No charge can  be laid possible. However,. we may be certain that we $11
 ag.ainst us; Thirdly, the people of.God possess etexr&                receive the crown of life. God has promised it. When
 life, and can therefore never  `perish; And,  finally', James speaks of "them that love God", he is expressing'

                                                              :i;,:


                                                                                              .-


   190.                                          T.HE  STANDAR,?  B E A R E R

   the same thought which is implied in the b,eginning of               .:-  ":At the time  .,of  the recent  great  .-war, religious
   the text, with  this  -distinctionj that  -the.  eiduiing  of f+&edom was under severe pressure, and our church
   temptation is pos,sible only in the love af God. Ii is was perverted ;, and the truth was not boldly insisted
   the love of God y@p!eauses and en;ables ;!s $0 Sorsq$e, upon. W,e tw;er!es ashamed of - this, befoae  : God's holy
   ail tl&& `!fd:` the ,!ife which is above. .&d.i  God $a?             presence, and mourned .foFl the nation. However, by
  -  @rotii$ed  Us  &ik :  c&tin of life., This  prbmisg is'ino         the  provid,enFe  of. God  W,ho  cq&$g history it has
   dffer. ' A, p;o&ke  is never an offer. -.,$$l~&o~! r$ifv-
                                         ,I                             finally come about that through- defeat  `freedom of re-
   &us  wou'ld' be  the thought  t&y!  "G'dd  off$rs  us,  ,$ls ligion, has bsen realized in Ja@an,!onu::ancestral  cou&y.
   crown of life. How shall w;& .e<er &Ce&"it? ?$e must                      &`Hencef  orth, fo$ &! btiil&$ig of! 6 b&er Japan,
   die. How can  we,. who must die,  -take hold of the we must  with  true'.:hea&sl   a&l  tr& purpose' &corn&
   eternal crown of life? God has promised it. Let us people %ho are in .a&or;d  with ik;@ will of -the Omnipo-
   therefore endure unto the end. Let us continue the tent and Most Good God, .Wbo controls, history. In
  .good  fight of faith; And God will give us the crown accordance-.with  His  `comma~dm~nt.~~ we  tiust  rev&e.
   of life out of sovereign mercy.                                      God and love.otir  neighbor, not mer&y  in the realm of
                                                    -  I  H:V:          (the human) spirit and ' culture, bdt the`. injunction
                                                                        `Whether therefore ye eat or drink or whatsoever ye
                                                                        do,  do all. to the  glory of  Gdd' must be made  o,ur
                                                                        highest aim;  9t is this theistic life and world  vi&w
                                                                        that is the only sure' foundation upon which to build
                                                                        a  new  Japafi  ; this `is the first  pdirit of emphasis of
                                                                        the-R&formed Church of ,Christ in Japan, and we are
                                                                        zealous for this  poilit. . . .  t  :
                                                                                                               , `.
                                                                             "Now ti?rik<nd  -in .God's'holy pres&ce is one -bddy,
Japanese-Christianity: . . .  -. __                                     all equally slaves of sih. ..However  God, according to
      In The PresbytlBrian  Guarclian  .f December 1&e. His eternal purpose, has established a plan of salva-
   found a "Declaratiofi  issued by the Japanese Reformed tion fey sinful mankind; which He has accomplished
   Church", excerpts from which we present below,  .The                 in history by the hi&orical atoning work of His Sdh
   following note accompanies  .the article: "It is to be               Jesus Christ J .He has given faith to and- called- those
   remem%eced  that this is  the action  of a  grqup. of who were  drdained` to  ~&t&n?1 life  ; and justifying,
   Japanese Christians,, who have been oq$ of-touch- with               adopting' and sanctifying them, He dwells with mkn. . .
   missionaries for a \number of years 3s 3 result of the ,Then  when the f&ness 6f tim&was come.' He sent forth
   war. It therefore represents a witness  :from &thin /His `Son Jesus Christ, by whose death On the Cross,
   Japanese Christendom. . `. . The best English foym                   and resurrection, the `foundation of our salvation is
   of the name seems  to be `Reformed, Church of Christ laid, by IHis marvellous prdvidence,.  through th%e un-
   in Japan'. Its relation to and distinction from the belief of the J.ews, the Gospil of salvation has spread
   KYODAN, or `Church of Ch`ri& in Japan'-is .thus.$ade to all the world. That is, the salvation of God emerged
   clear.           _Ij                                                 from' the temporary Jeviiiih racial' settir'ig-  of the Old
                                                                        Tkstament,  tige and displayed its proper dignity of
       "The text given here is the re.sult  :of the combin.ed           univeY;sality.                        Jesus Christ. was proclaimed by the
   efforts' of Major Lardn,er &!toore,  and the Revs. R. H.             apostles as `ihe Lord of all. pe'opies'.and  the Light of
   atid, W. A. McIlwaine."                                              the world,.' and thus the exist&&e of the -New Testa-
                                                                        ment .Christi& Church has come  to' be seen in all the
                           DECLARATION                                  w o r l d .                      -
   Introduction. . . .     .,    -!"2.:  !.,.                            , `f,The. so-called `Invisible Church' which God alone
       "It is already&& months since t6e end o:`ihe war,                cieal;ly kriows, extends  throughq'ut all the  earth  ;.  it
   and--though the yebuilding of our defeated ancestral                 exists as the holy, .only, Catholic church .through  all
 `country is being planned according,@ varipus designs history, past, present and future, `con&t&g the r&lms
   and ways, what the Scriptuyes;s+y  is,tfue,, `Escept,$he of -both  heav&i~@$  ~e~~i$.~`:~   .,  ..  .' .;r,/
                                                                         L * ?    `:  3:r;          b                                                .:  `*i,,    i:
                                                                                  .  .  ~.  _._                                                                   .
   Lord, @$l the $ous~,~ tQ?y~ lqpor iq vam th$ &ild it ;                                                                      :,:`, -`*ye  ?,  _          i
   except tlie cord'k&ep the ci!y, tl@ watchman waketh D&r&$ . . . .I. 1"' ]`-, *ii1                                   `I:'
   hilt `in $i.'
                 1'Apart &om believing in &e l&nniscient,                    ,"We are zealous to stand in the true &d&on of
   Omnipotent,  &lost `Holy and MO& Loving God, Who t&s Christiati faith... Here (rooted in, this tradition)
   rules over the  u&verse and mankind,  -even a whole is the purpos& df` ihe. Reformed Church of- Christ in
   nation has no way of being built  well or preserved Japan to ado@ as i&`sta<dard of faith the Westminster
   wetl.                                                   :      .,    Confession. `of  F&h'-to&her with the  Larger.  and


                                                                                                                                                           .





                                                               T          H          E          S'YAN.DAADD-BEARER  -                                                                   , ,                             i9i.
                                                                                                       .
       Shorter Catechisms, to which is attached the preamti1.e                                              set forth an exemplary accomplishment in thle matter
       given below.' ., .                                                                                   of discipline in the.life of faith.
                                                                                                                "Thus tie desire through one confession of faith,
        I.!I. .I i  :~~F$&kble,   To  The  Sttifi&j-d:   Of'.&it;h  :  :j:i
         ,: .  .:  ,a,!.  .;i';    .,  :                                                                    &i&`~Q&$-'  bo&r&ent   $nd  ori%  .g&%`~tiann&r  o$ life
                                             -`Of?  The  ,.          -'        `"          "
          ,      *          ,`.                                                                             I% shdw f&i the one invisibl;' &ur&` asi `0; `. &ibIe
                                                                                                                                                                                                          e  "
                                                                                                            Church', and, by this to be assured of tlie #a'act,that  we I
        .`.I  `i`I  F$f+~$:$+~$ch  6f  Chri$ in. Japan,
                       I              ,.        .1                  /_                           ,,         a?$ $ br&&&.$  `ihe ,hhbly catholic church,  `a,n$ p:ove t$e
        . . YL'he S&ptukes.:of  l&e, Old `and New Te'~taments:                                              $tainty ' of.,our  .`2alv&oL.                                                '
       which are the Wo$p !gf ~$.Y&$[ thgt He* gave to His own                                                I  !,  .`I           11                  :I!"' `i,`i  :/                              '            `4             ,a
       Church, are i the o& @@ll~$lple,i,~an?n  : ofi the Ghurch.                                                           . .           :     I;,             ;;     `
                                                                                                                                                                       &`
                                                                                                                                                                            :     *     &                                 II
       The Word of God, revealed in the Scriptures is formed                                                                              5: I..:,.,   .  .  :,.;.   ),.  '                    ;
       into a confession `of faith by the Church `and becomes                                               CHURCH UNION  ; . .  :                                                             _
       the standard of faith of `the ChuYch ; this is the creed
       of the Church. Th.e Church has from of old continued                                                    .A tentative plan for the merger of the United Pres-
       to hold in common to these four creeds: Th.e Apostles' byterian Church of North America and. the Reformed
       Creed, the Nicene Creed, the Athanasian Creed, and                                                   Church in America has been drawn UP by a joint com-
       the creed of Chalcedon,  as the basic universal creed of mittee of both denominatiolis  and has been submitted
       tke Church. Coniing on to the age of the Protestant to both churches for their consideration. In presenting
-      Reformation, the. several reformed Churches stood in th& plan, the. joint committee emphasized that it was
       the. tradition of the orthodox faith of all these creeds'; not sehi for action- or vote but for study- and recom-
       moreover,. not stopping with them, they were led on mendation. After suggestions  .and amendments are
       to di&w up creeds that were pure and evangelic&l-nay,                                                received, the joint committee will revise &nd aewrite
       th&: tihile covering. the whole realm of doctrine were                                               the plan, and the revised draft will be put before the
       ina +.&ion  pure and elicellently systematic. Among, General `Assembly of the United -Presbyter&  Church
       these: thirty-odd creeds we  arc convinced that  thet and the General Synod of the Reformed Church at
       W&&&nster  Standards. most completely set forth` the their meetings in 1947. If the two general org.aniza-
     sj%te@  of doctrine taught in the Scriptures. `Though tions approve the revised proposal, it will. then be
       we, the Reformed Church of Christ in Japan, look in                                                  submitted for  v&e to the classes and presbyteries.
       prayer for the day when we may draw up in our qwn                                                    R,esults of their action then wili be considered by the
       words  something even more  ,excellent,  tie are  con-                                               general  organiz&ions at. their  1948- meetings: Ap-
       vin.ced that it is these-standards  df faith that are most                                           proval by the low,er. bodies, it is believed, would lead
       ap1~ropriat.e for  OUY' standard of faith `today; and so to the  generals organizations' forming  8. united as-
       with praise and thanksgiving`we make them the stan- sembly at which the new Church would be constituted.
       dard of faith of our church."                                                                        The new denomination would  be called the  Unitgd
                                                                                                            Presbyterian Reformed Church and would have an
       Government. . . . .                                                                                  established membership of some 360,000.
       "Referring to one  Chukch government: believing                                                         There appears to be considerable opposition in some
       that Presbyterianism is %he form of govlernment  held quarters to the proposed merger of the C&gregational-
       by Biblical churches, we.  t$.e Reformed  .Church of                                                 Christian and Evangelical and Reformed Churches.
       Christ in Japan desire to p"( this into practice in. its                                             The pastor of  the. First Congregational Church of
       ptirity."                                                                                            Chicago has urged that the churches get to know each
                                                                                                            other better before proceeding with their merger plans.
       Ciscipline . . . .                                                                                   The Congregational Church doesn't' understand th&
               "What is tge one good manner of life? We are not Presbyterial system of the other body, and the E and-R
       l&&lists, nor again are  wL, antiriomians.  Sanctifica-                                              Church doesn't understand the Congregational system.
       tion, with which ,Gocl the Holy Spirit blesses us w&n, He  sug&e&ted,  how&er,-  that  `the'  s't%ter  ordinatidn
       on the basis of the redemption of Christ, is *hat the- and installation practises  of the Evangelical and Re-
       bsliever   should.   .e&i%estly   i,eek in  ;  prayer:                             P@.@ formed: Church could be used. to. advantage, in the
     _  ,sanctification is not granted uphn earth i '  th&gh  we                                            Congregati$al  group.'                                                                        `.                          `.
       daily seek the forgiveness of our sins and must not                                                     `Consumation' of the tibion`bf the United B&thren
       fail to forgive those who sin against us, we wh'o `&e in Christ `and the Eirangelicil Church -of America yas
       in Chri.st  must mutually reprove iri the 0 Hoiy Spirit accomplished at a uniting conference : on `,S&urday,
       the sins bf our brethren. It is a well known fact that, November 16, in Johnstown, Pa. Plans for the union
       the church. i>f Geneva, where John Calvin, the greatest had been under,way since 1933 and have been fairly
       leader of the Reformed Church which was the main completed since- 1939. Out of a total of one hundred
       tide of the Protestant Reformation movement, labored,                                                fifty six votes cast on the matter of the. union in the


            192 .                                T H E   S T A N D A R D   .BBA$ER.,

            t&o -churches, only eight `votes, were in the negative.                  Tot, zo,o ver het schiijven.van den breeder.
            The general offices of the hew denomination, which                            Is het een stem v&n een roepende in- de woestijn?
            is, known as the Evangelical united Brethren Church, we gelooien bet niet; dit geval staat niet,op zich zelf,
            will ,$e in ,Dhyt@  "`Ohio: The merged group -is expect- is geeli o&b&zen&g van den .een. o&and& "&&?&eden
            &l$o hate over seven hundred  thousand members.                        broeder die`het nergens k%.vinden, doch &.h&l zijn
                  The `move for  union or  Feunion of, churches and schrijven  spreekt beginsel.  Er  %ijn  veel  `meer die
  .,j.' religious\ groups has  ajso  re@ed  the':&uaker+   phe geboren  `in ,Nede.rl&@  eep zuivere' Gereform,eerde  op-
         .,,  :8,gociety  of Friends was  disru,pted by  a,  di&u+  .con-
:I tl                                                                              voedjng,   %ebb&  geno$-en,  efi in  hili  ' hart  eensgeest&
         cerning article's  .df faith and the use of the Bible in iijn  rn'et  bo$ngerioemd  schrijven.
            1627, : and since thea t8ere.z have : been two. groups,                       Heeft  dit  oogens&ijnlljk  riiets beteekenend  voor-
           designated  as the  Oi$hodox "and' the ~&I&site.. Now, ial  qr%. ook iets  te zeggen; is het ook een wolkje
            as the  ye&t of  proposals   ma&  a  :year ago, the  .two              als  ,een mans hand?. Zou het ook een aanwijzing
           `gyou-ps h.ave healed their br.each and reunited. The voor 6nze zendings-commissie. zijn om het bedoelde
            Quakers -are  \k.nown today more fpr their benevolent boekje te laten  drtikken in beide  .. talen en te  ver-
            -activities than for their religious services.  ,Otie of spreiden  o&er `de  l&den der Christelijke  Gerefor-
            `their leading  ,institutions- is the American  .Friend's              meerde .Kerken  bier. te -lande?                                                                             i
           `Service Committee, known around the world. for its                                                                               J; R.  VanderWaI.
            relief work during and after the war.            s `-W.  H.`,
                                                      . .                                                                              Redlands,  Dec.  9,."46
                    f              :           ._             ,.                   Geliefde Ds.' `Hoeksema :                                                        ..
                                                                                          Bif kalm nad.enken heb:ik-in mijn. stukje- een'ver-
             :                                                                     gissing gemaakt n.1.; de laatste sinscede,  om`bij al- de
                             :          Ingezgwden                  :              Christelijke-Gereformeerde  1eden:bedb'eld  boekje te ver-
                                                                                   spreideti.  Dat  is  nahuurlijk  onmogelijk,   daarom,,zou
                                                                                   ik .gaarne indien u denkt -dat heti waard' is &publi&eerd
            Mijnheer, de  R.edacteur:                                              te tiorden,  het i00 in te-kleeden.  ' "Be&a& de.niog@ijk- '
                                                                                   heid dok de  `vei%p?e$ing van  bedoeld  boekje..  @eer
              M&g ik  s.v.p. eeri klein plaatsje  voo?  onderstaanie, onder de leden der Christelijke Gerefortieey$&  ,?&rk
            se,&elen  .in`tiw geacht'bldd. Bij  voofbaat mijn dank.                ,te doen plaats .`hebbe,n?`t
             Sian de  onde&.cheid%ene  b%kjes  %&  .Geloovigen en                                                                          : J. R.  Vamle~~~gl.
            ,Hun  Zhad'?; d.ie` we naar Nederland, Canada  en in                                                                                             ,'
            eigen land verzonden, ontving' ik o.a. van een  &de
            .vrie!ld en breeder  een schrij,ven, `t Geli< dunkt rn,e' we1
            de moeite waar"d'.is in .breeder  kring gklezen ci$ehd te                                               THE LIFE THAT COUNTS.
            worden,  temeer daar. de broeder behoord  tot de Chris'ce-                                                                       . .  I
                                                                                          \
            ~lijke Gereformeerde Kerk; eli eens &v& vrij&n frank                                    ' The'life that counts-must toil and fight;                               _                 '
            .zich uitspreekt, -ho:&-  hi j. denkt over sigen riiisstanden                             Must hate the wrong' atid -love the right ;                        ,
            in `de Christelijke GerBformeei-de  Kerk.                                               -Mu&t stand for tr&by.day,  by night -                               '
                  We laten dan hier enkele bassages:;it  zijn sch?ijykn                                            That is the`life that counts.
            volgen  :                                                                                                                                         .
                  "Gij hebt u beloft`e  gehouden en ,+ls gevolg daar-                                 The lif'e that counts must aim to -rise
            van ontving ik het boekje, D.e Geloovigen en Hun Zaad".                                   Above the earth to sunlit ski'es; ` .lo
            Dit geschenk waardeer ik~ten  zeerste want mooier be-                                     Mu& ?ix his gaze on Paradise 1
            schrijving van k;et genade verbond en. de doap heb ik                                                 . Thac`is  the life that counts.
            nag hergens gevond,en. .' Nog eqts voor mij is het.` de
            modiste ve`rklaring. En dan geeft Ds., Hoeksema ook                                       The life `that counts m&t hope@1  be ; `-
    4. `een uiteenzetting van wat Prijf. IHeyns. vroeger 1eerd:e                                      In darkest niglit make meiodyl
            aaiz  dnze  theologische   s&001:'  `E111  `ih "De  Wachter"                            .,:Must wait the dawn od betided knke."                              .`
         ' .vandkg-  we de .gelo6fsbesCh&&&gen  van' Prof. lHeyns                              I                   That `is the life that aotints.     1.           `1..  .a
                                                                                                                      ,'      - . --                                ..                    <,
            :zoo verschillend van  wat wij in  Nedlerlaiid  gewo6n
            varen; zobdat we  vo&  "DB  *&hteir"  beda<k&n.   I$n                                    -The .lifk that cpuqts mu& `helpful be; * 1                                          `.
            riti na ruim 30 jar,en lees ik u'it -ait' do&`: u `tiij toege-                           -The ca?@.and.~n&ed&  of `others- see;
                                                                         _..  _                                                                                    '                    "
         `zonden boekje,  wtiar  hit  eigeniijk  .aan  h&p&de,  en                                    -Must seek the slave of `sin-to free - e,                                    Y
            :daarbij gaat' ook  .veel  iicht op  over.   veei  &is&&$&                                 `.          That is  the life  thgt counts'.  -
                                                                                    -                        -                                                     "  "  .;  ~  '
                                                                                                                                                                                        .' I
            :in  de-  Ch&elijkk  Ge&formeeide-   l&k21                       I                                                              -S&ected.              "                       *


